“讓步論證法”讓你的雅思寫作上檔次

在雅思寫作議論文中，常見的論證方法很多，如舉例子、解釋、類比、對比、列數(shù)據(jù)等，今天小編要給大家總結(jié)介紹一類在雅思寫作論證中體現(xiàn)論證的全面性的方法，即“讓步論證法”。

首先我們來看幾個句型：1. As is granted, … However, convincing arguments have been made that …2.Opponents would argue that… However, …3. Although/ In spite of the fact that …， people tend to believe that …4. It is undeniable that …從以上三個句型，我們看出讓步就是先退一步承認(rèn)自己不同意的一個事實，再對其進行反駁，如某人去面試，老板要拒絕聘請錄用這個員工，他會在拒絕前先說一番承認(rèn)這個人在某些方面還不錯的一些話，這就是讓步。這樣論證的優(yōu)點是更加全面的論證，不會一味的一邊倒，就片面的認(rèn)為一個事件的存在只有優(yōu)點或只有缺點，且論證也更有說服力。這種論證方法常出現(xiàn)在討論類的單邊論證中，我們來看一個題目：

The main purpose of public libraries is to provide books and they should not waste their limited resources and space on providing expensive hi-tech media such as computer software, videos and DVDs. To what extent do you agree or disagree?針對這樣一個雅思寫作題目，通過審題，題目要求考生探討圖書是否需要提供高科技媒體。根據(jù)分析，我們可以得出雅思寫作單邊論證的結(jié)構(gòu)，同意提供多媒體。具體結(jié)構(gòu)參照如下：

Introduction: State my opinion

The hi-tech media should been provided by the public libraries.

Body: Ph 1 Making concession

Multimedia facilities are expensive.

Ph2 Reason one to support my opinion.

Hi-tech media can store information much longer than traditional means.

Ph3 Reason two to support my opinion

Visiting a library with multimedia access is much more interesting.

Conclusion: Restate my opinion

The investment is justified and should be encouraged.

從上述結(jié)構(gòu)我們看出作者的觀點是支持提供高科技媒體，但這個論證過程非常全面，它先在論證的第一代就退一步承認(rèn)其缺點，然后再就這一點進行反駁，這個段落就是讓步段，參考之前提供句型，得出這一段：Opponents of a high-tech library would argue that multimedia facilities are expensive. This may be true to some extent, because a DVD player is often more expensive than a bookshelf. However, with immense storage capacity, these new high-tech media can actually save the most valuable resource-space.

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雅思寫作讓步段還可以運用到討論類另一種結(jié)構(gòu)中，筆者謂之雙邊傾向論證。我們通過一個具體的實例來解釋這種論證結(jié)構(gòu)以及讓步在其中的用法。

There are social, medical and technical problems associated with the use of mobile phones. What forms do they take? Do you agree that the problems outweigh the benefits of mobile phones?

老師建議此題一定要認(rèn)真審題，因為這個問題模式對文章的結(jié)構(gòu)有著直接的影響。它有兩問，第一問要回答手機的三個方面的問題，第二問優(yōu)缺點討論，結(jié)合這兩問，得出文章結(jié)構(gòu)如下：

Introduction: State my opinion

The problems of mobile phones far exceed the merits.

Body: Ph 1 the benefits brought about by mobiles (Making concession)Convenient, functional

Ph2 the social, medial and technical problems of mobile phones

Conclusion: Restate my opinion

Although mobile phones have some benefits, the negative influences should not be overlooked.

看完結(jié)構(gòu)，不難理解雅思寫作雙邊傾向的結(jié)構(gòu)即兩個方面優(yōu)點和缺點都提及，作者的觀點是傾向其中一方的，那么不同意的那一方的論證段就可以理解為讓步段。結(jié)合句式，我們可以寫一下讓步段的topic sentence:It is undeniable that mobile phones have facilitated our lives in many different ways. 接著可以列舉手機使用的幾個具體的優(yōu)點。這種雅思寫作讓步和單邊論證讓步的區(qū)別是它可以不用直接在這個段落后面反駁。

雅思寫作讓步段在論證過程中有著相當(dāng)廣泛的實戰(zhàn)意義，它可以幫助考生擴展文章的字?jǐn)?shù)，達(dá)到要求，此外，它還能使得雅思寫作論證過程更加全面，希望為雅思寫作取得高分有切實的幫助。

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