2014年11月15日托福寫作考前預測

2014年11月15日托福綜合寫作考前預測

1.

Reading: 3 ways to make coal burning more environmentally friendly.

1. Coal burning can be more efficient by using new technology such as high pressure.

2. Coal washing can remove sulfide and other chemicals.

3. Carbon recapture and storage. Recycle CO2 and deposit them in the sea.

Listening: 反對：

1. Population will increase by 13% in next full years but the efficiency can only increase by 10% with the new technology. Demand of energy increase will compensate the saved amount of the increasing efficiency.

2. Coal washing transfer the pollution from the air to the ocean.

3. Carbon recapture will be very expense and risky. If the carbon leaks out, it will be very dangerous both for the environment and human being.

2.

Reading: mercury牙醫(yī)用來repair牙齒的一種物質。閱讀說應該被禁止。

1. 影響健康。里面有種物質吸收后會影響central nerve system帶來一系列病。

2.環(huán)境問題。診所里用完后沖走進入江河湖海，會造成環(huán)境污染威脅wildlife。

3. 可以代替的材料。有很多材料可以代替她，像陶瓷，金什么的。

Listening: 反對：

1. 它只有很少的量被人體吸收。不會帶來什么大問題。有些人有問題是他們過敏，然后這種過敏的比例很小。

2. 有一種device, S開頭的，可以COLLECT這些solids所以不會帶來這些問題。

3. 這種材料持續(xù)時間長效果好，其他材料不能代替。像金。太貴了。

3.

Reading: verifications of forts built in the Scotland的三個theory：

1. 與宗教活動religious ceremonial rituals有關，verifications代表了一種Superpower, 可以帶來benefits；

2. 因為attacker的fire; 當attacker的flaming arrows射進forts, 里面起支撐作用的木頭燃燒起來了，結果就vitrified了；

3. 當時的builders故意為之，因為vitrified之后forts更加堅固。

Listening: 逐一反駁：

1. 不可能是religious, 因為900CE時建造的，那時已經是基督教，然而基督教沒有認為玻璃很重要；

2. 火燒的溫度太低，不可能達到verifications的degree, 要玻璃化必須要1000℃的高溫，而且要持續(xù)燃燒，然而那些火器燒木頭達不到這個溫度而且也不持續(xù)，所以不可能；

3. 不堅固，因為玻璃雖然硬，但是反而更脆弱，而事實上flexible的更好，比如說loosen的石頭堆的堡壘更牢固，因為他們可以bend a little,可以reduce attack, 所以不是用來故意strengthen的。

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4.

Reading: 閱讀說在Rhone river發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個bust,說這個bust就是Caesar,是羅馬的一個leader.

1. 那個bust（a kind of sculpture) 是realism地形式表現(xiàn) 然后Caesar的時代也是realism的時代。

2. bust的hair的表現(xiàn) 和真實的Caesar一致 （跟money有關）

3. 因為是在river里發(fā)現(xiàn),以前人們想銷毀它,,有新的leader上任,留著它是不respect.

Listening: 反駁閱讀論點

1. Realism continues after Caesar died.

2. Only the style of hair matches, other features do not match at all.

3. There were others sculpture also found in that river, and they were right added that bust. And throwing it into river, just aiming to dispose the trash.

5.

Reading:一些高中要求學生們每周做兩小時志愿者。文章覺得這樣是沒有用的，因為：

1. 學生們可以取巧，在自己的家長或者祖父母那里干活然后作為匯報；

2. 會讓學生們以后遠離志愿者，因為現(xiàn)在是學校要求，他們?yōu)榱双@得回報采取這么做；

3. 學校的要求是破壞學生的權利，學校沒有權利強迫學生們去這樣做，非法。

Listening: paragraph里面說的是沒有道理的，因為：

1. 學生自己的工作匯報只是檢驗工作的一部分，我們和學生工作的地方的人聯(lián)系，專業(yè)的機構(authority)還有官方的文件記載(official document of the city )來保證；

2. 學生們喜歡作者愿者，比如那些在醫(yī)院和幫助過小孩子們的學生覺得他們的經歷很好(powerful experience)，并激發(fā)他們繼續(xù)做下去(motivate)；

3. 學校的要求不是破壞學生權利，如果高中能夠要求學生來上數(shù)學課，那志愿者作為一門課程為什么就不能夠實行呢，學生們在學校上課就要完成學校要求的課程。

6.

Reading: 講地洞穴畫, 這個洞穴畫是史前人類為了保證打獵順利而作

1. 畫里有大量動物主題，而且有些是當時首要狩獵對象，所以表現(xiàn)的都是狩獵場景。

2. 有出現(xiàn)人身獸頭的圖象，認為是主角是獵人。

3. 史前人類作畫很多時候是因為認為畫有魔力，可以通過作畫影響一定的現(xiàn)實，所以畫出來的狩獵場景就是為了保證打獵順利而作。

Listening: 反駁觀點

1. 洞穴里有大量的動物主題，但也有犀牛(F..K這個我忘記怎么拼了!!!!)和貓，這兩樣不怎么被狩獵，還有根本就沒出現(xiàn)reindeer，這個是那個時候最常被狩獵的動物，沒有出現(xiàn)，所以動物主題和打獵不一定有關系。

2. 人身獸頭是因為當時的人們相信他們的祖先的靈魂會附在動物身上，為了和祖先交流，他們會舉辦一些儀式活動，這些獸頭很可能是為了這種儀式才畫上去的。而且說是獵人，那么打獵的活動獵人形象應該是站著的，可是畫上的人是horizontal的，所以這個解釋站不住腳。

3. 動物崇拜。人們在恐懼心理和神秘感的支配下所產生的對動物的理想寄托。畫上除了描繪常見動物，也有像龍和鳳凰的輪廓，證明了人們描繪動物是對神的崇拜。

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7.

Reading: yellow legged frog population decline的三個原因：

1. Introduction of trout;

2. Pesticide;

3. Fungal disease.

Listening: 進行反駁：

1. Introduction happened before declined population of frog;

2. Pesticide is at the downhill, but the frog is at the uphill;

3. The skin of frog can produce chemical to protect them from infecting fungal disease.

8.

Reading: 一個什么動物在很久以前身軀很大的原因：

1. 那時候氧氣含量很多。

2. plant 很多。

3. Warm climate.

Listening: 反對觀點

1. 氧氣含量其實比現(xiàn)在還少。（很多百分比，聽糊涂了，這樣不確定）

2. plant是很多，但是營養(yǎng)很少 。

3. Warm climate is actually a disadvantage, because the animal needed to cool off. More

surface area, 更容易散熱；小動物體表特征大(鼻子，耳朵等)，占表面積多。

9.

Reading: Iron fertilization

1. Not efficient, in experiment, only few carbon dioxide could be absorbed.

2. Produce toxic chemical materials which will harm the local fish industry. Human beings will be harmed also if they eat those toxic fishes.

3. Cause bad impact to ocean biology system. Damage ocean’s bio-system balance.

Listening: against the reading

1. Experiment is too short, only for 1 month. Actually, the 2nd and third month, absorption of carbon dioxide will gradually increase. Most of CO2 are consumed in the last month which cannot be observed in the short experiment.

2. Only limited area will generate these toxic materials. Stop to use this method in those area then.

3. global warming’s risk is greater than Regional Ocean’s bio-system risk. So we should concern more about global warming, ignore ocean's biology system damage.

10.

Reading: 閱讀關于新物種引入所帶來的負面影響

1. Imported species may do harm to local ecosystem.

2. Imported species destroy the useful aspects of local species.

3. Imported species add the local economic burden.

Listening: 分別反駁三個觀點

1. imported species doesn’t always do harm to local ecosystem，以agriculture為例，外來物種和本地物種雜交，提高糧食產量。

2. Imported species doesn’t always destroy the useful aspects of local species, it depends on local circumstance. 以Florida引進的toad為例雖有壞處，但還是解決了害蟲問題。

3. imported species adds the local economic burden, it depends on local circumstance.以

Mesquite imported into Africa為例，food and firewood, furniture.

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關鍵詞：11月15日 托福寫作 考前預測 托福機經

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2014年11月15日托福獨立寫作考前預測

1. People care more about public recognition than about money. Even if no more money is given, public recognition can still make people work harder.

2. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Technology designed to make our life simply actually makes our life more complicated.

3. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The food we ate in the past was healthier than the food we eat today.

4. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The government should support artists rather than allow them to support themselves.

5. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Improving schools is the most important factor in the successful development of a country.

6. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People can solve important problems by themselves or with the help from their family members, so there is no need for the government to help them.

7. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Having a job with a low-paying salary but that is highly secure is better than having a job with a high salary but that is easy to lose.

8. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Getting advice from people who are older than you is more valuable than from people of your age.

9. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In the past young people depended on their parents for making decisions. Today, young people are better able to make decisions on their own.

10. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Teachers should be paid according to how well their students perform.

11. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In 20 years from now on, students will not use printed books anymore.

12. Do you agree or disagree that: spend time alone is the truly best way to relax the stress.

13. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Professional athletes who receive high salaries, such as football and basketball players, deserve what they get.

14. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Teaching was a harder job in the past than it is today.

15. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Most of the environmental issues are too complex today, so individuals can do nothing about them.

16. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Telephone has had greater effects on people’s lives than TV.

17. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Students should not take part-time jobs when they study in university.

18. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Young people today are less dependent on their parents than in the past.

19. Should parents help their children with schoolwork or encourage them to do their schoolwork independently?

20. During times of economic crisis, which area of spending do you think the government should reduce: education, healthcare or support for the unemployed?

關鍵詞：11月15日 托福寫作 考前預測 托福機經

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