SAT閱讀題型之填空題真題訓(xùn)練解析

1. The aroma of the freshly baked bread was so ------ that we were tempted to buy three loaves.

A. enticing

B. unruly

C. convenient

D. fabricated

E. generic

解析：

so/such A that/as to B 的結(jié)構(gòu)中A與B為同義關(guān)系或感情態(tài)度一致，所以從tempted“(被)吸引，誘惑”，可看出空格為對aroma的正向評價(jià)，因此答案為A選項(xiàng) enticing “吸引人的”。

詞匯擴(kuò)充：

吸引，使…著迷：allure, appeal, spellbind, captivate, enchant, bewilder, entrance, enthrall

2. Muddy Waters ------ a generation of musical ------: they imitated his innovative playing style and eventually solidified his reputation as a blues pioneer.

A. emulated .. followers

B. chastised .. contenders

C. resisted .. paragons

D. fostered .. critics

E. inspired .. disciples

解析：

首先要了解冒號后的they指代的是第二空的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，his指的是Muddy Waters這個(gè)人，所以從 imitated “模仿” 可看出第二空可以在followers“追隨者” 和 disciples “信徒” 中選擇，再從最后的pioneer“先鋒” 可看出第一空是一個(gè)起 “促進(jìn)，鼓勵，支持”作用的動詞，可在fostered“促進(jìn)”和inspire“鼓勵”中選擇。所以最后選擇E選項(xiàng)。

詞匯擴(kuò)充：

祖先，先鋒，先驅(qū)：ancestor, antecedent, forerunner, forebear, harbinger, precursor, predecessor, progenitor, vanguard, avant-garde

3. In these mountains, the ------ stature of plants testifies to the inhibiting influence of ------, often buffeting, winds.

A. small .. constant

B. diminutive .. imperceptible

C. typical .. moderate

D. considerable .. intermittent

E. giant .. destructive

解析：A testifies to B的結(jié)構(gòu)中A為B的結(jié)果，所以第一空是 inhibiting influence“抑制性的影響”的結(jié)果，所以第一空只有small 和 diminutive“小的”可選，第二空是對winds的修飾且能夠?qū)е耰nhibiting influence， 所以只能選擇A選項(xiàng)constant“恒定不變的”，不停地有buffeting“猛烈的”風(fēng)在吹，使植物長不大。

4. Some of the guests were positively ------, speaking disrespectfully to their host and generally exhibiting deplorable manners.

A. bemused

B. cursory

C. forlorn

D. incoherent

E. uncouth

解析：

空格對應(yīng)disrespectfully“不敬地”和deplorable“應(yīng)受責(zé)備的”，所以應(yīng)填一個(gè)表示行為舉止方面的負(fù)向評價(jià)，因此選E選項(xiàng)uncouth“粗魯?shù)?rdquo;。

詞匯擴(kuò)充：

粗魯?shù)�，無禮的：boorish, churlish, impudent, insolent, rude

5. The economist had a reputation as ------; his colleagues liked to tease him that he ------ recessions because he looked for trouble.

A. a maverick .. expected

B. an ogre .. disregarded

C. an alarmist .. foresaw

D. an indigent .. downplayed

E. a scholar .. enjoyed

解析：

第二空是這題的突破口，空格前的he指的是economist“經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家”，空格后的 recession一般表示“后退，退化”，而根據(jù)本題的語言環(huán)境表示“(經(jīng)濟(jì))衰退，不景氣”，對應(yīng)because后的trouble，所以第二空對應(yīng) look for“期待，指望”，只能在expected和foresaw中選擇。再根據(jù)后半句中的tease“取笑”可以看出同事對他持嘲笑態(tài)度，第一空應(yīng)該填一個(gè)值得嘲笑并且自找麻煩的人，所以選擇C選項(xiàng)alarmist“危言聳聽者”。整句意思為：這個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家被認(rèn)為總是危言聳聽;他的同事經(jīng)常取笑他，說他預(yù)測經(jīng)濟(jì)會衰退是因?yàn)樗�總盼著出點(diǎn)亂子。

詞匯擴(kuò)充：

危言聳聽的，駭人聽聞的：sensational, lurid

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6. Initially ------ by some shortsighted members of the scientific community, Barbara McClintock was ultimately ------ when she received a Nobel Prize in 1983 for her groundbreaking research in genetics.

A. repudiated .. abjured

B. immortalized .. exonerated

C. rebuffed .. vindicated

D. derided .. ostracized

E. eulogized .. substantiated

解析：

第一空為shortsighted members(目光短淺者)對Barbara McClintock作的動作，應(yīng)為負(fù)向動作，所以可在repudiated“否認(rèn)”、rebuffed“拒絕”和 derided“嘲笑”中選擇。根據(jù)received a Nobel Prize可判斷第二空為正向動作，所以選C選項(xiàng)的vindicated“證明…正確”。

7. the city councilwoman was devoted to ------ principles, for she believed that all her constituents deserved equal rights and privileges.

A. sectarian

B. egalitarian

C. authoritarian

D. diplomatic

E. bureaucratic

解析：

空格對應(yīng)……deserved equal rights and privileges“……應(yīng)得同等權(quán)利與特權(quán)”，所以選C選項(xiàng)egalitarian“平等主義者”。

8. Both of the twins tended toward ------, and these attention-seeking emotional displays had won neither of them many friends.

A. punctiliousness

B. stridency

C. seditiousness

D. histrionics

E. sagacity

解析：

these后的attention-seeking emotional displays“故意引人注意的情緒化行為”(嘩眾取寵)對應(yīng)空格處，所以選D選項(xiàng)histrionic“夸張的，做作的”。

詞匯擴(kuò)充

夸張的，戲劇化的，不自然的：exaggerated, dramatic, theatrical，affected, artificial, mannered

9.Janet's ------ was evident to everyone in the room because she glanced around at them ------.

A. guilt .. confidently

B. anxiety .. calmly

C. conviction .. uneasily

D. hopefulness .. gloomily

E. suspicion .. distrustfully

解析：

兩空都是在修飾Janet的行為特征，中間由because連接因果關(guān)系，所以兩空同義，選E選項(xiàng)suspicion“懷疑”distrustfully“不信任地”。

詞匯擴(kuò)充：

懷疑的，不輕信的：skeptical, suspicious, incredulous

10. Early twentieth-century writers Ernst Hemingway and Edna St. Vincent Millay owed much of their public visibility to self-promotion: both were adept at ------ their own literary works.

A. marketing

B. modernizing

C. duplicating

D. finalizing

E. editing

解析：

空格對應(yīng)冒號前的self-promotion“自我推銷”，所以選擇A選項(xiàng)marketing“營銷”。

11. Chemistry professor Mande Holford learned about the National Science Foundation fellowship program in ------ way: she happened across an advertisement for it in a magazine she read during jury duty.

A. an orthodox

B. an anachronistic

C. a fortuitous

D. a dilatory

E. a nefarious

解析：

空格對應(yīng)冒號后的描述，通過happen“碰巧發(fā)生”可以判斷空格填C選項(xiàng)fortuitous“偶然的，意外的”。

詞匯擴(kuò)充：

偶然的，意外的：accidental, unintentional, haphazard, incidental, serendipity (n.)

12. Many today would consider Phillis Wheatley to have been remarkably ------ : by age 12 she was studying Latin, and soon after, she was translating Ovid into English.

A. taciturn

B. rambunctious

C. garrulous

D. precocious

E. winsome

解析：

空格對應(yīng)冒號后的描述---12歲學(xué)拉丁語并翻譯Ovid， 所以選D選項(xiàng)precocious“早熟的”。注意，premature經(jīng)常被誤認(rèn)為是“早熟的”意思，而實(shí)際上表示“不成熟的，草率的”。

13. The philosopher claimed that we humans are essentially ------, given to dissembling in order to further our interests.

A. altruistic

B. redoubtable

C. pugnacious

D. duplicitous

E. complacent

解析：

空格對應(yīng)逗號后所說的為了擴(kuò)大自己的利益去dissembling“掩飾，掩蓋”，所以選D選項(xiàng)duplicitous“欺騙性的，兩面三刀的”。

詞匯擴(kuò)充：

欺騙性的：deceptive, fraudulent, mendacious

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14. Because of its beautiful photographs and clear text, the new book on Pueblo cliff villages will be ------ not only for specialists but for ------ readers as well.

A. accessible .. general

B. uninteresting .. scholarly

C. confusing .. critical

D. unmarketable .. casual

E. available .. trained

解析：

Because在開頭表示兩句間的因果關(guān)系，從逗號前的beautiful和clear 可以看出第一空應(yīng)該填入正向的評價(jià)，所以在accessible“易理解的”和available“可用的”中選擇;由于not only for A but for B的結(jié)構(gòu)中，A與B為反義關(guān)系，所以第二空為specialists“專家”的反義詞，因此選擇A選項(xiàng)的general“普通的，大眾的”。

15. Unlike most business historians, Smith is neither a defender nor an opponent of the companies she writes about; such objectivity is exceedingly ------ in this highly ------ field.

A. rare .. combative

B. common .. divisive

C. predictable .. complacent

D. surprising .. cooperative

E. typical .. cordial

解析：

通過Unlike most business historians(不像大多數(shù)企業(yè)史學(xué)家)可判斷出第一空只能在rare“罕見的”和surprising“令人驚訝的”中選擇;第二空描述的是這個(gè)領(lǐng)域的大環(huán)境特征，所以填objectivity“客觀中立”的反義詞，因此選擇A選項(xiàng)的combative“好爭斗的”。

詞匯擴(kuò)充：

好爭斗的，好戰(zhàn)的：bellicose, belligerent, contentious, militant, pugnacious

16. A trial transcript is a ------ record of courtroom testimony, useful whenever a witness's exact words must be repeated.

A. verbatim

B. subjective

C. spurious

D. marginal

E. vigorous

解析：

空格對應(yīng)逗號后的信息---需要逐字逐句地重復(fù)證詞時(shí)能用的著，相當(dāng)于做了逐字書面?zhèn)浞�，選擇A選項(xiàng)verbatim: in the exact words(逐字的)。

17. The many factors affecting a species' abundance seldom act in ------; on the contrary, interactions between factors are commonplace.

A. haste

B. principle

C. place

D. isolation

E. miniature

解析：

通過on the contrary可以判斷空格與分號后的interactions“相互作用”取反，所以選D選項(xiàng)isolation“孤立”。

18. Her prose is ------ in all ways but one: it is often given to a ------ of descriptive detail that threatens to overwhelm every cogent observation.

A. minimalist .. paucity

B. immutable .. fulsomeness

C. irksome .. felicity

D. tenacious .. vacillation

E. exemplary .. superfluity

解析：

此題突破口在第二空，通過threatens“威脅到”可以看出第二空是會造成負(fù)向影響的詞語，此時(shí)只能排除felicity“幸福，快樂”，再通過overwhelm“壓倒，壓制”可以判斷第二空只能在fulsomeness“過度，過量”和superfluity“過量，多余”中選擇。這時(shí)候可以看出冒號后的信息---大量的細(xì)節(jié)描寫破壞了有說服力的觀察結(jié)果---是負(fù)向評價(jià);第一空是對prose“措辭風(fēng)格”的描述，考慮到in all ways but one“各方面都很……除了一件事”這種欲抑先揚(yáng)的表述，使第一空與冒號后信息取反，因此為正向評價(jià)，選E選項(xiàng)的exemplary“模范的”。全句大意是：她的寫作風(fēng)格在各方面都是模范除了一點(diǎn) ，那就是她那大量的細(xì)節(jié)描寫掩蓋了真正有說服力的東西。

19. Derek's ------ nature worried his friends, who thought such fearlessness would one day lead him into danger.

A. callous

B. intrepid

C. circumspect

D. disingenuous

E. mercurial

解析：

空格對應(yīng)逗號后的fearlessness“無所畏懼”，因此選B選項(xiàng)intrepid“無畏的”

詞匯擴(kuò)充：

勇敢的，無畏的：undaunted, dauntless, courageous, gallant, valiant

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