正確有效的定位是GRE閱讀考試中快速做題和準(zhǔn)確程度的關(guān)鍵因素,新通南京GRE培訓(xùn)名師主要講解的就是結(jié)構(gòu)題的定位與解題,希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。
在GRE的閱讀題中,大體上分成主旨題和細(xì)節(jié)題兩大類(lèi)。細(xì)節(jié)題是一個(gè)比較泛泛的概念,如果細(xì)分,可以分成很多類(lèi),這些題的類(lèi)型不同,但是它們都有一個(gè)共同的特性,就是在解答這類(lèi)題時(shí),都需要在原文進(jìn)行有效的定位。所以,如何有效地在原文中進(jìn)行定位并在讀文章時(shí)對(duì)重要信息做標(biāo)記,成為眾多考生所不能忽視的地方。定位對(duì)解答GRE閱讀中的細(xì)節(jié)題起著非常重要的作用。因?yàn)镚RE閱讀的做題方法通常是讀原文→讀題干→回原文定位這樣一個(gè)順序,所以,定位是在讀完題干后,根據(jù)題干的特點(diǎn),結(jié)合第一遍讀原文的重點(diǎn)和所做的標(biāo)記來(lái)確定所考內(nèi)容的位置。正確有效的定位是快速做題和準(zhǔn)確程度的關(guān)鍵因素。這里主要講解的就是結(jié)構(gòu)題的定位與解題。
這類(lèi)題是針對(duì)文章某些內(nèi)容的作用進(jìn)行的提問(wèn),也就是題干中問(wèn)到的這個(gè)具體事物在文章中出現(xiàn)時(shí)作者的用意是什么?所有的GRE文章都是議論文,作者提到具體的事物大體上有幾種關(guān)系:支持、證明、解釋或反對(duì)某觀點(diǎn),也就是說(shuō)具體的事物總是和觀點(diǎn)發(fā)生聯(lián)系的。通常情況,給定行數(shù)題和寫(xiě)作用意題是混合出現(xiàn)的。
1. 結(jié)構(gòu)題的出題形式
The author of the passage is primarily concerned with discussing
Which of the following is the most accurate description of the organization?
Which of the following best describes the organization of the last paragraph of the passage?
2. 結(jié)構(gòu)題的解法:綜合各段首句邏輯順序
例子:
In the early 1950’s, historians who studied pre-industrial Europe (which we may define here as Europe in the period from roughly 1300 to 1800) began, for the first time in large numbers, to investigate more of the pre-industrial European population than the 2 or 3 percent who comprised the political and social elite: the kings, generals, judges, nobles, bishops, and local magnates who had hitherto usually filled history books. ……
One way out of this dilemma was to run to the records of legal courts, for here the voices of the non-elite can most often be heard, as witnesses, plaintiffs, and defendants. These documents have acted as “a point of entry into the mental world of the poor.” Historians such as Le Roy Ladurie have used the documents to extract case histories, which have illuminated the attitudes of different social group (these attitudes include, but are not confined to, attitudes toward crime and the law) and have revealed how the authorities administered justice. ……
The author mentions Le Roy Ladurie (Line 30)in order to _____
(A) give an example of a historian who has made one kind of use of court records
(B) cite a historian who has based case histories on the birth, marriage, and death records of the non-elite
(C) identify the author of the quotation cited in the previous sentence
(D) gain authoritative support for the view that the case history approach is the most fruitful approach to court records
(E) point out the first historian to realize the value of court records in illuminating the beliefs and values of the non-elite
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分析:
這道題就屬于典型的寫(xiě)作用意型, 同時(shí)又給出了指定的行數(shù)。Le Roy Ladurie 出現(xiàn)在文章的第二段,題目中已經(jīng)明確給出行數(shù)(Line 30), 這樣,通過(guò)這個(gè)信息,我們可以迅速的回到原文找到相關(guān)信息。Le Roy Ladurie很明顯是作者舉的一個(gè)例子,但是舉這個(gè)例子的作用是什么?這個(gè)問(wèn)題就要結(jié)合這段的內(nèi)容去分析,這段的開(kāi)頭說(shuō)“One way out of this dilemma was to run to the records of legal courts”,根據(jù)這句話我們可以知道,Le Roy Ladurie的出現(xiàn)應(yīng)該是研究法庭記錄的一個(gè)例子。所以,這道題正確選項(xiàng)是A. 當(dāng)然,選項(xiàng)如果寫(xiě)成 illustrate that these documents have acted as “a point of entry into the mental world of the poor” 也是可以的。
需要注意的是,像這類(lèi)寫(xiě)作用意題,它的答案選項(xiàng)第一個(gè)主動(dòng)詞并不具有判別意義,不管是illustrate, 還是give an example, 還是verify,還是別的類(lèi)似的詞匯,都是平等同義詞,不需要過(guò)多的關(guān)注。
小結(jié):
上面是對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)題中兩種比較重要的題型進(jìn)行的分析,通過(guò)分析,我們知道,給定行數(shù)題和寫(xiě)作用意題通常是混在一起出現(xiàn)的。答案一定不要盲目地停留在所給定地行數(shù)處,考生一定要聯(lián)系上下文的內(nèi)容去分析答案。
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