2016年2月27/28日托�？谡Z考試預(yù)測

2016年2月27/28日托�？荚嚳谡Z真題預(yù)測：2016年2月27/28日托�？谡Z將會考查那些內(nèi)容呢?新通外語為大家?guī)��?016年2月27/28日托�？谡Z真題預(yù)測。

點(diǎn)擊查看：2016年2月27/28日托�？荚囃暾�預(yù)測

2月27/28日托�？荚嚳谡Z真題預(yù)測第一題：
　　NO.1
　　Talk about an important decision that you have made. Explain in detail why this decision was important to you.
　　NO.2
　　Which one of the following would you like to do on the weekend: stay with your family, go to the gym, or watch TV?
　　NO.3
　　If your friend is dropping out of the college, would you consider it a good thing?
　　NO.4
　　大學(xué)收到一大筆錢，問你認(rèn)為應(yīng)該花在哪里來改善學(xué)生的生活：技術(shù) 運(yùn)動設(shè)施，研究
　　NO.5
　　Which of the following Art classes would you be more interested in taking? Wood Sculpture, Painting or Photography?
　　三選一，可以學(xué)一樣art，選哪樣? wood sculpture; painting; 攝影;
　　NO.6
　　你有個哥們要面試了，他問你要ADVICE啊，你覺得他怎么樣才能成功哇?
　　NO.7
　　你認(rèn)為哪個時期是最困難的：童年時期，青少年時期，成年時期?Which period do you think is most difficult: childhood, teenager oradulthood?
　　NO.8
　　Describe your first time to go to school when you were young, you like it or not.
　　NO.9
　　你住的國家面臨的問題... 翻譯的不知道對不對 原題似乎是" explain your country's problem or OOXX
　　NO.10
　　描述一個你喜歡與之聊天的人。
　　Describe a person whom you would like to talk with often (this person could be one of your close friends, family members or teachers). Explain why you would like to talk with this person and what you would talk about?
　　NO.11
　　What are some important effects of the worldwide availability of Internet on modern people's lives? Use specific details and examples to support your response.
　　NO.12
　　How would you advise somebody who was planning to come to your country to study abroad? Give details and examples to support your response. Begin your response after the beep.
　　NO.13
　　你朋友next semester要上一個很難的math class,他很緊張，問你有沒有什么建議給他
　　NO.14
　　版本一：日常生活depend on 比較多的tool, object…
　　版本二：最喜歡的科目是什么
　　NO.15
　　如果有計(jì)劃來一次旅游,你會選擇哪里
　　NO.16
　　Which technology has made the greatest impact on people's lives in your country: airplane，computer or television? Use specific reasons and examples to support your response.
　　NO.17
　　Describe the greatest period of your life and explain why.
　　NO.18
　　Choose a job lawyer, animal doctor, restaurant owner, which on you prefer

點(diǎn)擊查看：2016年2月27/28日托�？荚囃暾�預(yù)測

2月27/28日托福考試口語真題預(yù)測第二題：
　　NO.1
　　Do you like to study alone or with others?
　　NO.2
　　Do you agree or disagree with the statement that it's important for students to study Art and Music in school. Explain your answer in details.
　　NO.3
　　Do you agree or disagree that children should learn to draw or paint
　　NO.4
　　Do you agree or disagree that assignments handed in after the deadline should receive a lower score?
　　NO.5
　　有的大學(xué)強(qiáng)制上外語課，有的強(qiáng)制上計(jì)算機(jī)課。你認(rèn)為哪個更重要?
　　NO.6
　　選擇participate in activities alone or with a team or group.
　　NO.7
　　你同意富人應(yīng)當(dāng)幫助窮人這種觀點(diǎn)嗎?Do you agree that wealthy people should be required to help poor people?
　　NO.8
　　Some people think students should study in classroom. While others believe that they should visit museum and zoo to study. Which one do you like?
　　NO.9
　　Some students prefer to study in a library. Others prefer to study at home or in dormitories. Which way do you prefer and why? Include reasons and details in your response.
　　NO.10
　　你同意參與課堂討論能使學(xué)生學(xué)到更多這個觀點(diǎn)嗎?
　　Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Participating in class discussions makes students learn more. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
　　NO.11
　　Some students prefer to go to universities or colleges in their hometown. Others prefer to go to universities or colleges in new cities or towns. Which do you prefer and why? Include details and examples in your explanation.
　　NO.12
　　Do you think that people will read fewer books in the future than they do today? Give details and examples to support your response. Begin your response after the beep.
　　NO.13
　　If you have time, would you choose to learn to play a new musical instrument or learn to play a new sport?
　　NO.14
　　高中畢業(yè)后,有些選擇直接進(jìn)入大學(xué)深造,有些要take a break, 你會選擇哪個, 陳述理由
　　NO.15
　　你是否覺得it is important to study the hist0ry from ancestors
　　NO.16
　　做事是喜歡剛開始就準(zhǔn)備還是到了due day才開始準(zhǔn)備，原因
　　NO.17
　　Some universities expect students to choose their major when they enter university. Others let students wait until the second or third year. Which do you think is better and why?
　　NO.18
　　Some people believe that it is better for children to grow up in big cities. Others believe that it is better for children to grow up in small towns or rural areas. What is your opinion and why? Use specific reasons and examples to support your response.
　　Some think robots are useful in the future. Some think robots will never be more useful and smarter than human. Which do you agree?

點(diǎn)擊查看：2016年2月27/28日托�？荚囃暾�預(yù)測

2月27/28日托�？荚嚳谡Z真題預(yù)測第三題：
　　NO.1
　　Reading: The univeristy is planning a new writing center to
　　1) help students organize their thoughts in order to get better grades
　　2) foster abilities related to actual jobs
　　Listening: Our plan for the center
　　1) The professors are usually busy and have no time to help students with improving their writing. The new center can do that.
　　2) The center is good for editing student writing and for helping them discover career options in the future.
　　NO.2
　　一學(xué)生寫信申請圖書館讓用手機(jī)cellphone，女生反對，理由1:低聲說話對方聽不見，大聲勢必noise理由2:急事可以出去打電話，check message
　　NO.3
　　The student proposes the university should open a snack shop on campus that is entirely operated by students because it will help to create jobs for students and be convenient for students to buy food.
　　The man agrees with him.
　　First, it helps students gain the experience of running a business.
　　Second, the current café is far away from the school building. It takes a lot of time to buy a cup of coffee or a sandwich. What's more, it also takes at least 15 minutes to drive to the café.
　　NO.4
　　閱讀：停止爵士合唱團(tuán)，因?yàn)楦信d趣的人少，沒有必要繼續(xù)了
　　聽力：女人覺得真不好。
　　理由一：主要是因?yàn)槠綍r訓(xùn)得太勤了，導(dǎo)致很多學(xué)生不來了
　　理由二：沒有其他選擇了，很多是經(jīng)典，但不是爵士，女人不喜歡，其他學(xué)生也不喜歡。
　　NO.5
　　是學(xué)生寫了一封信提議學(xué)校Improve library,集中兩個方面，一個是增加可以查書的電腦;另一個是add faculties
　　男生表示很支持。第一很多學(xué)生在圖書館發(fā)郵件做research, 要排隊(duì)才能用上電腦look up books.第二 這些faculties都是學(xué)生可以增加工作機(jī)會。
　　NO.6
　　PETER給學(xué)校寫信，說，那個DINING HALL前面的草坪因?yàn)镾PORTS都要光光了，太不美觀了吧!快點(diǎn)禁止學(xué)生在上面活動吧!禁止也不會有啥不便的哇，想活動去GYM唄。
　　對話：
　　MAN： 你咋看待介問題啊?
　　WOMAN：切，這樣做根本木有用處。
　　MAN： 咋咧?
　　WOMAN：這個問題并不主要是SPORTS造成的啊，大家去上課為了節(jié)約時間都不走大道走草坪，那當(dāng)然完了完了滴啦!你說你禁止SPORTS有個啥用。
　　MAN： 你說的也對噢!
　　WOMAN：而且大家活動都是在課間的時候，GYM那么那么遠(yuǎn)，難得跑唄。
　　MAN： 嗯哦，課間只有 10-15分鐘。
　　NO.7
　　A student proposal suggests the university creating a lunge for commuter students.
　　Boy說沒必要，因?yàn)椴恢皇莄ommuter students，大部分學(xué)生的dorm也很遠(yuǎn)，他們也隨身帶著所有要用的東西
　　而且commuters學(xué)生不用去lunge 看bus schedule什么的，他們可以用電腦上網(wǎng)到 station website獲取schedule
　　NO.8
　　Reading: a new cafe near the library.
　　Listening: 男的說好。
　　(1)有了cafe which is just 20 minute's walk，他就可以去圖書館學(xué)習(xí)，然后花很短的時間吃個飯，再返回去學(xué)習(xí)了。
　　(2)it is good for ""group project""(原話).圖書館里學(xué)習(xí)都不能討論，需要安靜，但是在cafe就可以大家討論。他說有了cafe就可以大家現(xiàn)在圖書館學(xué)習(xí)，然后meet in the cafe討論一會兒，然后再back to the lib學(xué)習(xí)。
　　NO.9
　　【學(xué)生寫信】
　　學(xué)生寫信建議學(xué)校應(yīng)該在新生開學(xué)之前，給他們future roommate的contact information: email和電話。
　　好處1：可以讓新生們早點(diǎn)互相認(rèn)識，先交朋友。
　　好處2：可以plan到時候帶去的東西，以免帶重。 【學(xué)生態(tài)度】：女生贊成。
　　理由1：能讓學(xué)生在進(jìn)學(xué)校之前就和自己的future roommate聯(lián)系，這樣進(jìn)學(xué)校就不會太生疏，能感覺舒服點(diǎn)兒;
　　理由2：能讓學(xué)生提前和自己的future roommate商量帶什么東西，因?yàn)閷W(xué)校的宿舍很小，如果帶了很多行李stuff, 就放不下了。舉例說自己和室友每人帶了個小冰箱，宿舍里放不開，如果先聯(lián)系，就可以避免類似情況出現(xiàn)。
　　Question: Explain the woman's opinion and why she holds that opinion.
　　NO.10
　　是講一個學(xué)校推出了一個新的annoucement給freshman, Biology department. 說學(xué)生一起學(xué)習(xí)(group study)可以best know the equviment and improve acdemec study, and in addtion, can meet and make new friends.
　　However, in the conversation, the girl said the study group sort of thing doesnt help. Because people have their own way to study, expect thoes who doesnt know how to study. So she prefers to work alone.
　　the second point is that she thinks that if people in the same department, they will have class together, so they eventually will meet each other. So you dont really need to go to the study group.
　　NO.11
　　學(xué)校規(guī)定大一新生first year students不能在校內(nèi)用車keep their cars on campus。一個學(xué)生給校報信說學(xué)校應(yīng)允許大一新生在校內(nèi)用車。理由1、大一學(xué)生到校外find part-time jobs要用車，沒車找工作不方便。理由2、大一學(xué)生想家get homesick的時候，周末要開車drive回很遠(yuǎn)的家探親。沒車回家不方便。
　　女生反對此提議。理由1、大一新生課業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)重have a lot of school work to do，沒有額外時間do part-time jobs。如果開車就容易找到工作，if they do part-time jobs, they might not do well in school。理由2、如果大一新生一想家get homesick，they might go home every weekend，他們就沒有足夠時間與新同學(xué)相處，很難適應(yīng)大學(xué)生活learn how to socialize with other people。
　　NO.12
　　是一個學(xué)生向?qū)W校寫信說允許學(xué)生在學(xué)校停車，原因是不允許學(xué)生停車，學(xué)生會不方便;學(xué)校建設(shè)新的停車場解決停車難問題。女生反對，原因：第一，學(xué)校外有bus station和taxi station;第二，原有的空地準(zhǔn)備建設(shè)新的實(shí)驗(yàn)室。
　　NO.13
　　一個學(xué)生提議要把campus dining hall移到Outdoor去因?yàn)榭梢越鉀Qcrowded的問題還可以享受lawn上的好天氣
　　男生說我against it,這只是一個temporary的problem
　　-因?yàn)閏ampus最近的另外一個dining hall在renovating所以才crowded，等幾個星期過去裝修好了就不會crowded了
　　-很多人在草地上kick soccer ball還Play Frisbee. 男生幽默的說："你在草地上吃飯，說不定一個soccer ball會踢到你的沙拉里。(我聽到這就笑了)
　　NO.14
　　文章內(nèi)容: 學(xué)校出公告要建一個housing office for off-campus.
　　對話: 女生同意覺得很好.原因：1)是on-campus的dorm已經(jīng)overcrowded了.
　　2)是新生不熟悉本地環(huán)境.這個office正好幫助他們.問總結(jié)女生觀點(diǎn)。
　　NO.15
　　閱讀：學(xué)校決定讓新生在入學(xué)前提前做一些以后會做的作業(yè), 主要是文學(xué)方面的.
　　學(xué)校理由1: 學(xué)生預(yù)先掌握一下寫作技巧有助于大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí), 教授也可以不用在這些基礎(chǔ)技能上停留太多時間, 進(jìn)而傳授更多知識
　　學(xué)校理由2: 學(xué)生預(yù)先閱讀的一些東西可以成為他們?nèi)雽W(xué)后的共同話題,從而促進(jìn)交流, 廣交朋友
　　聽力：男生反對理由:
　　1): 大部分學(xué)生在假期里面時間比較少, 比如有工作(我理解是實(shí)習(xí)),所以無法完成這些閱讀任務(wù). 而一旦完不成, 開學(xué)就要struggle to catch up, 有時不得不rush, 結(jié)果就skip文章, 囫圇吞棗
　　2): 新生不會談?wù)撐膶W(xué), 他們更喜歡聊熟悉有趣的話題,such as some cool places to hang out.
　　NO.16
　　學(xué)校準(zhǔn)備建一個art building。女生同意，因?yàn)榭梢匀菁{更多的學(xué)生上課，她去年選課就選不上，還有更大的screen看老師show pictures and sculptures可以更清晰。
　　解析：
　　閱讀材料：學(xué)校要建(build)一個art building。
　　聽力材料：女生態(tài)度，同意(agree, for…)。
　　理由一：可以容納(accommodate)更多學(xué)生，女生舉例去年就因?yàn)榭臻g小選課沒有選上。
　　理由二：可以有更大的screen，這樣看老師show pictures and sculptures可以更清晰(clearer)。
　　按照以上主線將聽力材料組織完全即可。
　　NO.17
　　閱讀里面說學(xué)生建議取消讀詩會，因?yàn)楹苌儆腥藚⒓樱�而且可以從圖書館借CD來聽。聽力里女生不同意，因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在讀詩會只會在網(wǎng)站上發(fā)通知，如果他們能在教室、圖書館和學(xué)生中心還有報紙這些其他形式上也加以通知，肯定會有更多人來。而且參加讀詩會和聽CD感覺不同，可以make eye contact,use body language,和其他人分享這種經(jīng)歷。
　　NO.18
　　school need the students who study politician science to read the newspaper and new newpaper room will set in the library.
　　the man like the idea, he think read the newapaper can give him a chance to know a lot of thing about the topic of research paper, 可以有效的幫助學(xué)生去理解一些大事情，
　　還有，news room good 因?yàn)橥瑢W(xué)能更好的學(xué)習(xí)，多門天真的孩子啊

點(diǎn)擊查看：2016年2月27/28日托�？荚囃暾�預(yù)測

2月27/28日托�？荚嚳谡Z真題預(yù)測第四題：
　　NO.1
　　Reading:
　　Task partitioning - insects use their own specialized methods to accomplish tasks by dividing the work into separate groups.
　　Listening:
　　The professor gives an example of leaf-cutting ants.
　　Group1: climbs trees and picks up leaves.
　　Group2: cuts the leaves into small pieces, making them easier for transport.
　　Group3: brings the leaves back to the nest.
　　In this example, the groups can finish each of their tasks independently.
　　NO.2
　　Reading partListening part【名詞解釋】：
　　emotion display(情緒表達(dá)規(guī)則):
　　It means the expression of emotion depends on the society in which we are live in.【教授舉例】：
　　The professor uses an example of his 4-year-old daughter. She had a birthday party. Prior to the party, parents told her that she should hide her negative emotion when she did not like the gift received. Her grandmother gave her cute clothes as a gift. But the girl did not like it and felt disappointed. Before her negative emotion became too obvious, her mother said the clothes were very cute. The girl suddenly realized that she should say thank you to grandmother and she did that.
　　Question：用聽力的例子來解釋對這個概念的理解。
　　NO.3
　　講的有時候文化差異不能融合。例子North Russia和South Russia，南邊用馬拉扯產(chǎn)奶一堆活動，開始北邊也學(xué)著用馬但是失敗了因?yàn)樘�冷了，后來就換了ring deer然后很好的工作。
　　NO.4
　　sociology，一個女教授說不同種群的人會用自己創(chuàng)造的語音來進(jìn)行對話。
　　舉了兩個例子;一個是醫(yī)生們用自己有的專業(yè)知識來進(jìn)行交流，但對病人就要詳細(xì)說明;一個是一群share experience的人，有過共同經(jīng)歷，只要mention 事情的keyword就能引起共鳴。 summarize一下就可以了。
　　版本2是developmental response就是植物可以調(diào)整自己適應(yīng)環(huán)境的改變。教授舉了pine trees作為例子。這種樹可以長在陰涼地方或者sunny place。長在陰涼地方，SOIL濕，就不需要發(fā)達(dá)extended roots system去生存。長在陽光好的地方，土地干，需要發(fā)達(dá)的根系汲取充足的水分。
　　NO.5
　　講priming，人的thoughts或behavior會受到之前的經(jīng)歷的影響。professor舉例，一個女生坐在公車上正想著以前的大學(xué)生活，寫作業(yè)什么的，看到一個陌生男生上車坐下來，在寫東西，女生就認(rèn)為他一定是個學(xué)生，正在寫作業(yè)。而另一個女生剛剛讀完一本詩集，所以她認(rèn)為這個男生是個作家或者詩人。
　　NO.6
　　Reading: tragedy of commons. 給了定義和解釋
　　Lecture:教授舉了兩個例子說明什么是tragedy of commons. 其一是fishing.說當(dāng)然捕的魚多，掙的錢多。能accee to oceant的人自然愿意去多fishing。但是一旦overfishing，大家就都finished out with no fish. 其二是grazin. 說一個屬于整個viliage的草坪，大家都喜歡把自己的動物帶來grazing，草吃完了長起來，大家就帶更多的動物來，當(dāng)然草會被吃光了，然后就overgrazing了。
　　NO.7
　　【講座主題】motivation research of consumer客戶購買東西的動機(jī)：是公司為了調(diào)查消費(fèi)者為什么不買他們產(chǎn)品的調(diào)查但是有的時候消費(fèi)者自己也aware不到為什么。問卷調(diào)查不能有效反映顧客的motivation
　　【教授舉例】教授說了一個例子。一個制衣cloth公司因?yàn)檫\(yùn)動衣cloth不暢銷，所以做了一個調(diào)查。他們沒有直接問為什么，而是給people雜志和剪刀，讓他們剪cut下來認(rèn)為適合公司產(chǎn)品的圖片。顧客剪下來的都是運(yùn)動員圖。所以就反映顧客認(rèn)為他們的運(yùn)動衣只適合運(yùn)動衣，不適合大眾。于是后來制衣公司就改進(jìn)。
　　NO.8
　　Reading part Listening part
　　【課文要點(diǎn)】：
　　personality attribution error:
　　人們總會把錯誤歸結(jié)為personality上面，而忽略了一些客觀的外部條件。 【教授舉例】：
　　教授(男)用自己的例子做了解釋。一次他參加一個會議，遲到了十分鐘，他很安靜的進(jìn)入會場，沒打擾到其他人。在會中教授向演講者(女)問了一個問題，但是她并沒有搭理教授，而且看著有些生氣。教授后來了解了情況才意識到，女演講者在會議開始就說了今天時間緊張，讓大家不要提問，下次開會的時候再提問。而女演講者以為教授故意忽略了她一開始做的說明，她并不知道教授遲到了，沒聽到她做那個說明。
　　Question: 用聽力的例子來解釋對這個概念的理解。
　　NO.9
　　READING說的是social responsibility。當(dāng)公司考慮更多的責(zé)任的時候，就可能會有一些經(jīng)濟(jì)上的犧牲啦~可是呢，當(dāng)顧客知道這些犧牲后，又會非常歡樂地來購物啦。
　　lecture里面舉了個例子 coffe shop，開始是plastic CUP，不環(huán)保 就換成了recycle PAPER 做的
　　后來又推出新措施 讓人們可以帶自己的杯子啥的 還有DISCOUNT
　　NO.10
　　trial offer。幾個月前我看見電視上的一個廣告(commercial)在推銷stretching machine,在廣告里都是一些很健美的男人，有很漂亮的肌肉，并且告訴你使用效果很棒，我看了很動心，但是那個廣告只提供了一個購買電話在屏幕上，我對此猶豫不決，因?yàn)槲也恢�道這個我沒有聽說過(unheard of)，不熟悉(unfamiliar)的機(jī)器究竟是好是壞, 它是不是真的像廣告中的那樣起作用，因此我沒有買。
　　幾天后我在另外一個頻道中看見了關(guān)于這個健身器材的同樣的廣告，這次不僅有購買電話號碼，并且提供一個月的免費(fèi)試用期，可以先使用后付款，于是我就訂購了一臺，試用期滿后我付款買下了這臺健身器。
　　NO.11
　　閱讀：講小孩遇到做事失敗后經(jīng)常frastrate，稍微大點(diǎn)的孩子就會知道如何克服這種不好的情緒，講家長要怎么怎么幫助孩子去增強(qiáng)抗失落
　　聽：舉例說自己的孩子玩積木吧蓋塔，經(jīng)常倒。倒了就叫家長幫忙，他每次都去幫忙。但后來發(fā)現(xiàn)這樣不好，所以他每次都故意晚去一會，幾周之后孩子學(xué)會了獨(dú)立完成。
　　NO.12
　　問題：男人說要寫一個作業(yè)關(guān)于poem的，他發(fā)現(xiàn)一本好書在圖書館，但他出去玩瘋了，忘了在Weds(大概是)借書了，而且他點(diǎn)背，那天圖書館關(guān)門早。
　　解決方案
　　1女的說可不可以用別的poem書呢，他就覺得這書好。
　　2另外一個就是，明天早晨早點(diǎn)兒去圖書館，然后快點(diǎn)兒看，因?yàn)闆]啥時間了，必須的他交作業(yè)了
　　NO.13
　　advanced crediting 這一概念：老師在學(xué)生沒有完成某任務(wù)之前就鼓勵學(xué)生們說他們會做這個可以幫助學(xué)生最后完成這個任務(wù)。
　　聽力材料里professor講述了advanced crediting的一個例子，總是鼓勵一開始亂仍糖紙的小孩子是講衛(wèi)生，愛干凈的孩子，他們到最后就會變得不亂丟糖紙了。
　　NO.14
　　Term: Impact Bias
　　Definition: people have inaccurate expectations of the impact certain event will have on them. Both the intensity and how long it would last
　　Lecture:
　　The professors daughter wanted to apply to this University because her best friends are applying and the University's got a great educational program. She thought he life will be ruined if she didn't get it. It turns out she wasn't accepted. She got very upset about it. But she was busy taking care of her high school graduation and planning her summer vacation. Pretty soon she forgot about her misfortune of being rejected by the school, and move on with her life.
　　NO.15
　　commitment device
　　the professor wanted to run a 10 kilometer race,and planned to get up very early in the morning. But he often went back to sleep after getting up. Then he has a friend who ran with him together so that he was able to run every early in the morning.
　　NO.16
　　閱讀講Nomadic phase指動物的遷徙，主要因?yàn)橐恍┥�活危機(jī)，例如食物枯竭或其他災(zāi)難。聽力舉例蟻群居住在地下，但當(dāng)新蟻出生后他們就會遷徙，以滿足對新生螞蟻的食物源頭。
　　NO.17
　　講的是貨幣的形式, 說的是1, 貨幣是coin and paper bonds. 例子是如果你坐出租車, 你付給driver的是錢.
　　還有一種方式是以物易物, 說一個農(nóng)夫坐出租車, 他可以給司機(jī)他的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品, 如果司機(jī)同意了, 那這個時候農(nóng)產(chǎn)品就是錢.
　　但是, 政府規(guī)定了我們現(xiàn)在使用第一種方式.
　　NO.18
　　promotion risk. 聽力舉的例子是一個software designer因?yàn)楣ぷ骱芎�，就升職做了supervisor of xxx department，但是這個人很擅長設(shè)計(jì)軟件，但是不擅長管理，不能在deadline之前完成工作，不能motivate其他員工，但是又不能給他降職，會讓他很沒面子，因而公司要承擔(dān)給他升職的風(fēng)險。
　　解析：
　　閱讀材料：中心詞是promotion risk，記錄下該術(shù)語的definition或者explanation
　　聽力材料：教授舉例。
　　答題：按照閱讀筆記復(fù)述術(shù)語概念，按照聽力筆記將該例子復(fù)述即可。注意promotion risk與例子之間的聯(lián)系。

點(diǎn)擊查看：2016年2月27/28日托福考試完整預(yù)測

2月27/28日托�？荚嚳谡Z真題預(yù)測第五題：
　　NO.1
　　The woman's problem is that she shared a room with others off-campus. Her roommate is too noisy and she cannot do her own things. She is considering moving to another apartment next year.
　　There are two solutions for her. First, she can move back to campus. The university dorm has a policy about keeping quiet during certain hours of the day and it isn't expensive. But there's no kitchen in the dorm and the woman is really into cooking. Second, she can find another apartment near campus. It will be convenient because she has a job in library for 24 hours at a time. But with an apartment, she has the added pressure of paying rent.
　　NO.2
　　Problem:professor要帶M attend conference, department can not provide money on transportion only afford hotel fee.
　　solution:
　　1) by air 自己拿錢 but expensive
　　2)take train but very far whole day moreover, miss a crucial class.
　　NO.3
　　【學(xué)生困難】：男生的朋友去他寢室玩把他室友的臺燈弄壞了。
　　【解決方案】：
　　方案一：把家里一個差不多的拿來。好處：他室友也喜歡的。壞處：倆臺燈不一樣。
　　方案二：商店里去買個新的。壞處：沒有一模一樣的了。而且貴。
　　NO.4
　　【學(xué)生困難】：男生的朋友送了他一張今天晚上演唱會的門票，演唱會有他最喜歡的band的演出，但是男生有一個history paper明天要交，時間沖突了。
　　【解決方案】：
　　1. 去演唱會，回家再寫paper, 但是要熬通宵;
　　2. 不去演唱會，把票給別人。但是這個演唱會N年一次，錯過了可能很多年以后才能聽到
　　NO.5
　　【1個問題】男生要給一叫Sam的哥們兒送一禮物，因?yàn)榕笥褑踢w之喜，打算在喬遷party上送挑了一個bookcase，因?yàn)檫@哥們兒家里太空了，然后這幫人回去之后發(fā)現(xiàn)安裝了之后少零件parts missing，這不是坑人么所以就說找店家給我們換，但是店家說要過一段時間才replace 。
　　【解決方案】男生自己給自己兩個方案：方案1、換一個，商店暫時沒貨，要等2weeks才來新貨，趕不上house warming。下周六直接送Sam家，再跟說我們送你個禮物不過太扯了，那還送什么啊方案2、買另外一個新的，但是更貴，超出他們預(yù)算了。
　　NO.6
　　男生本來約好一個group discussing，是關(guān)于一個due on Monday的paper。但是男的父親周末五十大壽，他想回去celebrate。另一個人就給了個suggestion: 說向group member解釋一下，讓他們幫著help out。難得覺得說不好吧。男的自己有說要么就Sunday早點(diǎn)回來，然后還能趕上回來discuss。但是又不知道會不會讓他家里人disappointment。
　　NO.7
　　男生本來約好一個group discussing，是關(guān)于一個due on Monday的paper。但是男的父親周末五十大壽，他想回去celebrate。另一個人就給了個suggestion: 說向group member解釋一下，讓他們幫著help out。難得覺得說不好吧。男的自己有說要么就Sunday早點(diǎn)回來，然后還能趕上回來discuss。但是又不知道會不會讓他家里人disappointment。
　　NO.8
　　問題：推銷服務(wù)質(zhì)量，還有一個叫TESTMONIA(音)professor的朋友想做paint work，但是沒有生意，
　　解決方案
　　1.采用了推銷服務(wù)質(zhì)量之后，有人說這個人涂東西極好又耐久，后來很多人都來找他。
　　2.另外，他還發(fā)了圖片對比涂了的和沒涂的效果，人們看到了，吸引了廣大的潛在客戶。
　　NO.9
　　Problem: the man is invited to go to a conference in NYC with the professor he's been working with, but only hotel will be covered, he will have to pay for transportation himself.
　　Solution 1: he can buy a flight ticket and fly to NYC
　　Pro: meet people, opportunity to learn, more time to be prepared for presentation
　　Con: expensive
　　Solution 2: take the train to NYC
　　Pro: save some money
　　Con: train ride takes one day, he will miss an important class
　　NO.10
　　女生要展出的畫忘在家里了，但今天晚上就要展出，且她的朋友要來看，所以想今晚取來，但是今晚她又要review physical test, 沒時間。第二個解決方案是可以讓她媽媽送來，但是媽媽明天才有空送來，今晚她的朋友就要來看。
　　NO.11
　　5. The woman plans to go home during the winterbreak, however the ticket is so expensive and she hasn't boughtone.
　　two solutions: 1. take bus. cheap but 8-hour trip very painful. 2. take 3 am flight. but may interrupt their parents'sleep and inconvenient for them to pick up her.
　　NO.12
　　S5女生剛剛搬家要開暖房聚會，得收拾屋子。但明早她約了朋友去參觀博物館，要耽擱一天，發(fā)生了沖突。男生建議可以今晚收拾房間，但女生擔(dān)心明天逛博物館會累，或者可以不去博物館，但女生擔(dān)心朋友不高興，而且展覽機(jī)會難得。
　　NO.13
　　The girl is on her way to buy groceries for the party tonight. She suddenly remembered that there will be a chemistry review session in 10 minutes. Option 1: go to the sessions, but feel bad because she has promised her roommates and they are going to cook. Option 2: leave early at the session to buy groceries. But there's a quiz next week. She's worried that she won't pass.
　　NO.14
　　版本一：男生想去參加一個電影鑒賞會，但是那天晚上他cousin要來，他要和他在餐廳吃飯，給他介紹學(xué)校的情況。他有兩個選擇，女孩說她可以陪他cousin吃飯，介紹學(xué)校情況，因?yàn)樗�天天晚上都在餐廳吃飯，男孩說讓一個不同的人介紹學(xué)校確實(shí)好，但是他cousin有些害羞，他有點(diǎn)擔(dān)心他會感覺不舒服，另外一個辦法是不去看電影，以后再看，但是他又非常想?yún)⒓雍竺娴挠懻摃�。女生讓他決定好了告訴她
版本二：
　　【Problem】
　　The girl attended the rehearsal of a school play, the rehearsal is time-consuming. She is too busy to take many classes and not doing well in study. She does not know what to do.
　　【Solutions】
　　1. Drop out of play and focus on study.
　　Con: Her major is theater. Attending rehearsal helps her progress. If she quite, it may make trouble for her professor to find someone to replace her and the professor may be angry with her.
　　2. Decrease the number of classes, take it next semester.
　　Con: She has taken the course for 3 weeks and put in so much work in that class. It is a required course. If she drops the class this semester, she has to take it next semester.
　　NO.15
　　首先, 一個男人說, he works in the bookstore in college. His job is to carry heavy box which contains books. However, last week he went to help his friend to move to the new apartment. He injured himself. Doctor said that he cant carry heavy things for a month. So he went back to talk to his boss, his boss offered him a job to be a cashier in bookstore, however, the schedule for cashier only opens in the morning. he has a physic group study at that time. The physic group is important to him coz he improved grade OOXX. so he went to find a dish washer job in cafeteria which fits his schedule. however, if he takes the job in cafeteria, he wont have the discount to buy books in bookstore, which saved him a lot every semester....
　　所以最后他還是沒結(jié)論...
　　NO.16
　　女生要組織一場舞會organize a school dance，請了個著名樂隊(duì)band在舞會上演出。但該樂隊(duì)因當(dāng)晚有另一場演出show，他們忙不過來they can't play for the dance show，取消canceled了這次演出。
　　女生自己說出兩個方案：1、請另外一個樂隊(duì)來表演find another band。但女生說其它樂隊(duì)沒這個樂隊(duì)受歡迎enjoy。怕觀眾可能會不喜歡。2、還是請這個樂隊(duì)，但延期舉辦舞會reschedule the dance to next week。但如推遲一周的話，就臨近期末考試final exam了。到那時，學(xué)生已在忙著準(zhǔn)備期末考試了，同學(xué)可能沒時間來參加舞會了。
　　NO.17
　　男生的band需要找新的場地訓(xùn)練，一個選擇是租music studio，但是很貴，第二是music building還是什么，時間上有問題，白天不能練習(xí)，晚上也不能練習(xí)太晚。。。
　　解析：
　　問題：男生的band需要找新的場地訓(xùn)練。
　　解決一：rent a music studio
　　解決二：practice in the music building
　　答題：陳述問題及兩個解決方案之后，可以選擇第一個方案，因?yàn)樵趍usic building里面練習(xí)時間很短，并且music studio的費(fèi)用問題可以很簡單地通過成員part-time job來搞定，不用擔(dān)心經(jīng)費(fèi)問題。
　　NO.18
　　The boy was waiting for Greg at the student center to return the sociology book he borrowed for tomorrow's test. But Greg was in the library and forgot. Since the boy got a doctor's appointment and needed to leave campus soon, he had to figure a way to return the book, as Greg might need it for the test.
　　1. The boy can return to campus after a couple of hours and return the book, but Greg might need it before that.
　　2. The girl he was talking to can help him return the book to Greg in the library, but this may require her to walk across campus and back.

點(diǎn)擊查看：2016年2月27/28日托福考試完整預(yù)測

2月27/28日托�？荚嚳谡Z真題預(yù)測第六題：
　　NO.1
　　Two ways of keeping eggs moist:
　　1)lay the eggs below water. e.g. frogs lay their eggs underwater and let the liquid permeate the eggs to keep them moist
　　2)lay eggs with special protecting structures. eg: snakes eggs have a tough shell structure that helps maintain the moisture
　　NO.2
　　Ecosystem engineering: 動物住在一個地方，這個地方會變得適合其他動物生存。兩種方式
　　1、在日常生活中慢慢去做。比如某個海鮮：mussels，在吃水里東西的時候把水過濾干凈了。
　　2、在一個群中間位置的時候，形成一個對其他動物有保護(hù)的地方。再比如剛才那個海鮮：mussels。他們成群住在海洋地表，他們之間的空隙形成其他動物能夠生存的空間。
　　NO.3
　　【講課要點(diǎn)】：盡管wildfire會給動物造成damage, 但是也可以帶來好處。
　　1. 能給動物提供棲息地，比如woodpecker在燒過的樹洞里筑巢;
　　2. renew vegetation, 把舊的植物wipe out, 給新的植物生長帶來?xiàng)l件，新的植物更nutritious, which are more attractive to deer.
　　NO.4
　　【講座主題】生物學(xué)的。說在一個tropical rainforest里面生活animal都在canopy上飛 tree to tree 動物們?yōu)榱藄urvive獨(dú)居，領(lǐng)地侵犯等，進(jìn)化出兩種behavior。
　　【相關(guān)例子】第一種是searching food alone, individually因?yàn)檫@個地方的食物很分散，group一起找食物，就會不夠吃。各自找會有better chance 找到更多吃的。給了一例子 ：猩猩ape 都自己找食物。
　　第二種是make sounds保護(hù)自己的領(lǐng)地。穿過厚厚的葉子樹來讓別的兄弟知道要不然在樹上飛啊飛的就會撞一起然后受傷，給了一個例子：說一種猴子 monkey 他們就大叫，來讓不小心進(jìn)入其領(lǐng)地的動物知道這是他的地盤
　　NO.5
　　說有時候動物吃的東西不是我們想象中的東西，有時候會吃點(diǎn)亂七八糟的東西，比如說earth or soil.他們吃這些東西是有作用的。然后舉兩個鳥的例子。一個是R鳥，吃soil是為了磨碎食物，這樣help digestion, 說因?yàn)轼B沒有牙吖，所以吃soil可以幫助把大的食物，esp large seeds, 磨成small pieces.另一個是鸚鵡Parrot，吃soil可以nutralize失誤中的poison，這樣就不會get sick
　　NO.6
　　講unhatched eggs communication 對他們survival的重要性，一是保證它們同時破殼，不被left behind，二是讓他們的媽媽能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)他們，舉了鱷魚的例子，鱷魚的卵被heavy mugs cover著，要被他們的媽媽發(fā)現(xiàn)才能存活下去。
　　NO.7
　　反正說的是FARMER 怎么給CROPS從土里提供氮養(yǎng)啥的。有倆方法，我只聽到一個 - = 具體說那一個我都沒聽全啊…
　　NO.8
　　是restricted codes,就是same group的人可以用很少的話語就可以讓彼此意會。第一方面是SHARE same pro knowledge的人用這個。舉了醫(yī)生例子，醫(yī)生間用很少的的話就可以解釋，但是醫(yī)生和病人間需要更多細(xì)節(jié)才能明白。第二個沒聽見走神了。例子是出去picnic食物被goat吃了，以后大家提起簡單地提起goat, picnic就笑，很快就明白意思。
　　NO.9
　　版本1 這個lecture講了動物儲存食物 (hoarding)的兩種不同方式
　　1)all food in one location,但是這就要求動物必須能夠守住這些食物，用physical prevention 來 defense. 比如Squirrel, 他們會把所有食物都藏帶一個地方，但是如果有 birds或者其他都無來搶的時候他們就會把這些掠食者趕走, drive them away
　　2)disperse, divide up food and save in different locations, 但是這要求動物必須記性特別好(good memory)記的食物都放在那些地方了.比如 Rat in desert, 它們把食物藏在hundreds of locations，但是他們記性好，都記得這些locations在哪里
　　版本2 ：心理學(xué)--generalizing
　　閱讀部分: 在學(xué)習(xí)語言的過程中，兒童很容易把一個詞的意思理解為僅僅是用來表示一個特定的物體(one specific object)，隨著年齡的增長，兒童能逐漸理解一個單詞不僅能用來描述一件物品，而是可以用來表示某一類物品。這種現(xiàn)象叫做歸納(generalizing)。
　　聽力部分：教授的兒子三歲時，他有一個玩具火車，爸爸媽媽就教給兒子這個東西叫做"train"。有一天爸媽帶著兒子出去玩，途徑火車站，爸爸就指著火車說這是"train"，當(dāng)時兒子就顯得非常不理解(upset and confused)。而到兒子四歲時，他就能夠正確使用"train"這個詞了，并且能明白這個詞不僅僅能夠表示他的玩具火車，還能用來表示火車站里真正的火車。
　　問：用教授給出的例子解釋什么是generalizing。
　　NO.10
　　The professor talks about how animals that doesn't live underwater do to stay under the water. The first way is to reduce movement in order to save oxygen. For example, alligators hunt under water by staying very still, basically no movement. In doing so, it can cut down heart rate, therefore cut down the need for more oxygen. The second way is to minimize the time spent under water. For example, brown pelican dives down to catch fish in the water. It doesn't go to deep, and it has air sacks that open when in the water. That will help the pelican to get back to the surface as fast as possible for oxygen.
　　NO.11
　　The professor talks about two types of suspense in a movie.
　　The first type is that the audience feels interesting to guess the end. For example, two heroes set the same goal, but the audiences have no idea who comes first.
　　The second type is that the audiences know the end but they have no clue how to get to the end. For example, in a love story, the hero and heroine doom to meet in the end, but how they meet each other becomes intriguing.
　　NO.12
　　顧客買東西一般看產(chǎn)品的兩種cues，一種是內(nèi)在的，由產(chǎn)品自身的質(zhì)?決定，比如果汁好喝所以買，一種是外在的，由產(chǎn)品的外在包裝決定，比如果汁的瓶子漂?，并且商標(biāo)fancy，所以買。
　　In the lecture the professor talks about two cues to judge the qualities of products by consumer. The first clue is the intrinsic cue which means the customers judge the products qualities by their physical characteristic, such as color, texture, sizes. For example, food, customers will think it has good qualities if it has good taste. The opposite cue is the extrinsic cue; the customers don't judge the product quality by physical characteristics. For example, juice, if the bottle of juice is a good looking glass bottle and has good label, consumers think it has good quality. So products are evaluated by external packs but not the taste of the juice itself.
　　NO.13
　　two ways for whales to use sounds to survive in the deep ocean. First, navigate. Hear the refection from objects so that wholes can get right direction. Second obtain food. Since whole are in group, one can call other whales if it find any fish.
　　NO.14
　　教授講商品product要有utility，顧客才會購買。two types utilities：1、utility of form形態(tài)效用：意思是產(chǎn)品要滿足人們的特殊需求have features customers need，人們才會買。例：人們要買防寒服winter coats made of fabric material and feather是因?yàn)槎�天要保暖keep worm、防雨be waterproof。2、utility of place地點(diǎn)效用：意思是要在正確的地點(diǎn)銷售產(chǎn)品the product should be at the place where customers need it。例：防寒服winter coats，如果在Alaska where is very cold一定好賣，因?yàn)槟抢锏娜朔浅Ｐ枰�防寒服。如果在熱帶島嶼tropic island就沒人買，那里的人根本用不著防寒服。
　　NO.15
　　【講課要點(diǎn)】：During long distance travel, animals navigate themselves by two ways：
　　方法1、by sight：舉例：美國一Ducks(野鴨)fly at night. Stars help them to distinguish their own flying way. They can distinguish different groups of stars.
　　方法2、by smell: For example, Salmons(大馬哈魚)track a unique scent released by plants or something in the river/stream to get to游回它們出生地sites to 產(chǎn)卵lay eggs. Every stream has its unique scent because of the chemicals released by soil and plant.
　　NO.16
　　講planning的drawbacks
　　-plan excessively, too detailed
　　example: professor去年做了一個很詳細(xì)的daily plan,安排好她什么時候該備課，寫essay，鍛煉 etc. 但是她沒辦法完成，所以覺得很frustrated
　　-有很多干擾，人們會把事情想簡單
　　example: professor說自己以前答應(yīng)過一個朋友幫他看paper, 她本來以外一個周末就可以搞定，但是其實(shí)take more time than she expected。她還有去上網(wǎng)查相關(guān)的資料，因?yàn)樗�不熟悉這個topic.
　　NO.17
　　講negative ideation
　　課堂例子
　　教授很喜歡chocolate bar但吃太多不好
　　后來就把它想象成是泥做的來reduce the temptation
　　NO.18
　　講座講: 廣告商經(jīng)常利用廣告帶給觀眾的emotions 來促進(jìn)產(chǎn)品銷量,
　　第一種方式: Produce positive emotions
　　eg: 一種shampoo 廣告, 一個baby 用這種shampoo, 笑得好甜, the smiling face relax the mother 消費(fèi)者,尤其是媽媽們就將使用這種shampoo和自己寶寶和自己愉快的經(jīng)歷聯(lián)系起來,進(jìn)而購買.
　　第二種方式: Produce negative emotions
　　eg: 一個man 的car 在雨天broke down 了, 他沒有手機(jī),只好在雨中不行前往公用電話廳打電話求助. 觀眾自己就會worry about themselves, they don't even want to imagine how terrible the situation is, 然后自己就趕快去買了.