干貨 | 快速識別雅思閱讀中的那些替換

雅思閱讀文章長，時間短。在快速解答雅思閱讀題目時，同學(xué)們往往采用定位單詞來找出題信息，但是令人頭疼的是定位的單詞在文章中又偏偏找不到，原因就在于考官對出題信息進(jìn)行了改寫替換，接下來為大家介紹雅思出題考官常用的幾種改寫替換方式：

1.同義替換
2.數(shù)字替換
3.抽象具體替換
1.同義替換
雅思閱讀各個題型的題干都會對原文出題句的部分單詞或詞組進(jìn)行同義替換改寫，以增加考生定位出題信息的難度。例如：
（判斷題）
Q1: Prior to the start of MIRTP, the Market was almost inaccessible during the rainy reason.
原文：When the project began, Market District was virtually totally isolated during the rainy season
題干中的almost=virtually；inaccessible= isolated 所以題干的信息與原文信息一致 是TRUE
（簡答題）
Q：Who proposed the opinion that human beings started to show a preference for right-handedness when they first developed language?
原文：Dr Brinkman, a brain researcher at the Australian National University in Canberra, has suggested that evolution of speech went with right-handed preference.
題干中evolution=develop；language=speech；
preference for right-handedness=right-handed preference；
答案應(yīng)為Dr Brinkman
（匹配題）
題干：Growth in the market for glass crafts.
原文：But it is not only in technology and commerce that glass has widened its horizons. The use of glass as art, a tradition spins back at least to Roman times, is also booming.
題干中g(shù)rowth=booming; art=crafts; 所以題干信息與原文信息一致。
（填空題）
Q: He feels this would help to change the attitude of both and
原文：It could go a long way, he says, to shifting consumers as well as farmers towards a more sustainable system of agriculture.
題干change=shift; and = as well as; 所以答案為consumers和farmers。
2.數(shù)字替換
雅思閱讀出題考官通常會對原文的數(shù)字信息進(jìn)行文字改寫替換，所以數(shù)字信息雖容易定位，但是也要注意其改寫變形。
（判斷題)
Q1: Dung beetles were brought to Australia by the CSIRO over a fourteen-year period.
原文：Between 1968 and 1982, the CSIRO imported insects from about 50 different species of dung beetle, from Asia, Europe and Africa, aiming to match them to different climatic zones in Australia.
題干中 fourteen-year=Between 1968 and 1982 與文章信息相符，答案為TRUE
（判斷題)
Q2: Research completed in 1982 found that in the United States soil erosion was causing significant damage to 20 percent of farmland.
原文：The United States, where the most careful measurements have been done, discovered in 1982 that about one-fifth of its farmland as losing topsoil at a rate likely to diminish the soil’s productivity.
題干判斷題的數(shù)字考點20 percent= one-fifth 與原文信息一致 答案為TRUE
3.抽象具體替換
抽象具體替換是指用一個概括性表達(dá)的名詞來替換有具體指代內(nèi)容的名詞。
例如：
(單選題)
Q: Category A, B and C were used to select
A.Front office staff
B.New teams
C.Department heads.
D.New managers
原文：A series of tests and interviews were conducted with potential employees, which eventually left 280 applicants competing for the 120 advertised positions. After the final interview, potential recruits were divided into three categories. Category A was for applicants exhibiting strong leadership qualities; category C was for applicants perceived to be followers, and category B was for applicants with both leader and follower qualities.
選項new teams是對原文strong leadership，followers, both leader and follower qualities的概括性表達(dá)，因此本題的答案選B
（匹配題）
題干: details of the simultaneous efforts of different societies to calculate time using uniform hours
原文：
題干中different societies是對段落E中的Italian，Babylonian，Germany，F(xiàn)rench這幾個國家的概括性表達(dá)，因此同學(xué)們在原文里不能找到different societies的原詞。
以上為大家介紹了幾種雅思出題考官經(jīng)常使用的三種替換改寫方式，同學(xué)們在雅思閱讀的備考中還要多練習(xí)，多積累。想要了解更多關(guān)于雅思備考的干貨，請繼續(xù)關(guān)注我們哦！

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