托福寫作—你的例子舉好了嗎？

從小，語(yǔ)文老師都會(huì)教導(dǎo)我們，例子可以使我們想要表達(dá)的觀點(diǎn)或者要闡述的概念更加生動(dòng)形象，以使得觀點(diǎn)更加地具有說(shuō)服力。而且針對(duì)托福寫作來(lái)講，ETS考官比較青睞例證比較好的文章。一般來(lái)講，在托福的獨(dú)立寫作當(dāng)中，我們常用的例子包括兩種，第一種就是假設(shè)一個(gè)一般化的例子，通過(guò)假設(shè)一個(gè)場(chǎng)景來(lái)說(shuō)明問(wèn)題，而這種例子的寫法一般比較適合比較大的一些話題，比如“Do you agree or disagreewith the following statement? Landneeds to be used to meet human need rather than to protect endangered animals.”。另一種例子是去描述特別具體的某個(gè)人或者某一件事情，這種例子一般比較適合與我們的生活，工作和學(xué)習(xí)緊密相關(guān)的話題。比如“Do you agree or disagreewith the following statement ? Keeping old friends is more important thanmaking new friends.”;今天我們就來(lái)展示怎樣把這兩種例子寫好。 

一、假設(shè)性的例子

假設(shè)性的例子有兩點(diǎn)好處。其一就是別人不會(huì)懷疑我們寫的這個(gè)例子的真實(shí)性，二就是假設(shè)性的例子其實(shí)是analytic example，這種伴隨著分析的例子其實(shí)要更符合托福獨(dú)立寫作的風(fēng)格，更能夠體現(xiàn)一個(gè)學(xué)生的分析能力與水平，畢竟議論文的特點(diǎn)就是分析和證明。

Topic：Do you agree or disagree with the followingstatement? Land needs to be used to meet human need rather than to protectendangered animals.

Position：Protect endangered animals

Reason:Anotherimportant reason to protect endangered animals is that the delicate ecologicalbalance of an area might be irreparably harmed by their extinction.

Exemplification:For example,if humans chop down forests and use the land to grow corn, they mightsimultaneously destroy the habitats of a kind of bird that eats locusts. Thenext year because the locust population can grow unchecked, locusts mightdestroy the entire nearby corn crop. Not only do the birds lose their homes,but humans are also harmed. The ecological balance of many natural habitats isstill not well understood and humans interfere in it at their peril.

通過(guò)這一段，大家可以看到假設(shè)性的例子的威力。整段文章不長(zhǎng)，例子也不多，但是卻非常有效地證明了段首的觀點(diǎn)即保護(hù)生態(tài)平衡的重要性。所以，文章不一定要寫很多，但是一定要寫好，永遠(yuǎn)不要忘了，獨(dú)立寫作的靈魂和核心就是去證明一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)的合理性和說(shuō)服力，所以你用的手段很重要。

二、具體的例子

Topic: Do youagree or disagree with the following statement? The students in universityshould not do any part-time jobs.

Position: Disagree

Reason:Doing part-time jobs can intensify our social ability.

Exemplification:Take myselffor example. When I was a fresh man，I found it really hard to get along with people around me . Then Iwas advised to take a job as a waiter in the restaurant during which I had chancesto communicate with different customers, making them satisfied with my “smile” service. After a year, I myself can realize that I have becomemore outgoing and understanding.

寫一個(gè)很具體例子的時(shí)候同學(xué)們要注意幾個(gè)問(wèn)題：

1、不要寫得特別長(zhǎng)，寫太多就變成了記敘文，而我們的獨(dú)立寫作是議論文體;

2、這種例子一定要和說(shuō)理分析性的內(nèi)容結(jié)合在一起才能夠支撐起來(lái)一個(gè)主體段。