雅思閱讀材料：熬夜影響健康

熬夜黨們舉起你們的雙手！！快來(lái)看看這篇材料：熬夜使人發(fā)胖！看看科學(xué)研究怎么說(shuō)的。

A late night not only creates dark circles under the eyes and a grumpy temper - it can cause weight gain too, according to a new study.

據(jù)一項(xiàng)最新的研究調(diào)查顯示，熬夜不僅帶給我們難看的黑眼圈和壞脾氣，同時(shí)還會(huì)使得體重飆升。

Scientists have discovered a lack of sleep can drastically slow the metabolism down which causes the body to use less energy for simple tasks like breathing and eating, after depriving male students of sleep.

在減少了男性學(xué)生的睡眠時(shí)間后，科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，睡眠不足將大大放慢人體新陳代謝的速度，直接導(dǎo)致類似呼吸與進(jìn)食這樣簡(jiǎn)單的活動(dòng)所消耗的熱量隨之降低。

The results, reported in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, add to evidence that sleep loss can promote weight gain - not just by boosting hunger but also by slowing the rate at which calories are burned.

這篇發(fā)表在美國(guó)靈床營(yíng)養(yǎng)學(xué)期刊上的報(bào)告再次證實(shí)睡眠不足將引發(fā)人體發(fā)胖，這不僅是因?yàn)樗�眠不足將增加饑餓感，同時(shí)還因?yàn)橄�耗的熱量也減少了。

The study suggests that getting plenty of sleep might prevent weight gain, said Christian Benedict of Uppsala University in Sweden, who led the study.

來(lái)自瑞典烏魯薩拉大學(xué)的學(xué)者Christian Benedict主導(dǎo)了這次的研究，他表示充足的睡眠將有助于避免發(fā)胖。

'Our findings show that one night of sleep deprivation acutely reduces energy expenditure in healthy men, which suggests sleep contributes to the acute regulation of daytime energy expenditure in humans,' he wrote.

“我們的研究結(jié)果顯示，整夜不眠將降低健康男性身體所消耗的熱量，這說(shuō)明睡眠會(huì)影響到人體在白天消耗熱量的情況。”

To identify how a lack of sleep might have these effects, Benedict and his colleagues put 14 male university students through a series of sleep 'conditions'

為了證實(shí)缺乏睡眠將對(duì)身體產(chǎn)生的影響，Benedict與他的同時(shí)使14名男大學(xué)生經(jīng)歷了不同的睡眠情況。

They subjected them to curtailed sleep, no sleep, and normal sleep over several days, then measured changes in how much they ate, their blood sugar, hormone levels and indicators of their metabolic rate.

他們了經(jīng)歷減少睡眠時(shí)間、不睡覺(jué)、正常的睡眠不同情況數(shù)天之后，研究者測(cè)量了他們的食量、體內(nèi)激素的水平以及新陳代謝水平的變化。

They found that just a single night of missed sleep slowed metabolism the next morning, reducing energy expenditure for tasks like breathing and digestion by 5 per cent to 20 per cent, compared with the morning after a good night's sleep.

研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)，哪怕是熬夜一個(gè)晚上，第二天新陳代謝也會(huì)減緩，與一晚安眠的睡眠相比，在呼吸、消化方面所消耗的熱量將降低百分之五到百分之而是。

The young men also had higher morning levels of blood sugar, appetite-regulating hormones such as ghrelin, and stress hormones such as cortisol after sleep disruption.

這些年輕男性在清晨的血壓水平也會(huì)變高，分泌的生長(zhǎng)素和應(yīng)激激素量也發(fā)生了變化。

Still, the sleep loss did not boost the amount of food the men consumed during the day.

不過(guò)睡眠不足并未影響他們?cè)诎滋鞎r(shí)對(duì)于食物的消耗。

A number of studies have observed that people who sleep five hours or less are more prone to weight gain and weigh-related diseases such as type-2 diabetes.

之前的研究也顯示每晚睡眠時(shí)間不無(wú)五小時(shí)的人群發(fā)胖的可能性更大，同時(shí)還容易患上與體重超標(biāo)相關(guān)的疾病，比如說(shuō)罹患2型糖尿病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)就高出了不少。

But those studies do not prove that sleep loss causes weight gain.

不過(guò)之前的研究都沒(méi)能證明睡眠不足是體重增加的原因。

Experts said that factors such as lifestyle and diet might add to obesity risks and that it was not clear that sleep deprivation led to obesity.

專家認(rèn)為人們的生活方式以及飲食習(xí)慣將增加肥胖的可能性，但不能確定睡眠與肥胖之間的直接關(guān)系。

Sanford Auerbach, head of the Sleep Disorders Center at Boston Medical Center, noted that sleep deprivation is a complex issue, with medication and other issues influencing sleep as well, and urged that the new findings be kept in context.

波士頓醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)睡眠障礙中心的負(fù)責(zé)人Sanford Auerbach指出，睡眠不足是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的問(wèn)題，藥物和其他因素都會(huì)對(duì)睡眠產(chǎn)生影響，因此這一最新發(fā)現(xiàn)并不能推而廣之。

'They showed that we adapt to sleep deprivation and that some of these adaptations could theoretically contribute to obesity,' he said, adding that it's not clear how chronic sleep loss influences hormone levels.

“研究顯示人們會(huì)緩慢的適應(yīng)睡眠不足的情況，在這一過(guò)程中可能會(huì)伴隨肥胖的出現(xiàn)”，不過(guò)他也表示，目前仍然不能確定長(zhǎng)期睡眠不足對(duì)于荷爾蒙水平會(huì)造成怎樣的影響。

The National Sleep Foundation recommends that adults get about seven to nine hours of sleep each night.

美國(guó)國(guó)家睡眠基金會(huì)建議成年人每晚應(yīng)有7到9小時(shí)的睡眠時(shí)間。

以上就是本期材料的全部?jī)?nèi)容了，看完這篇有沒(méi)有觸動(dòng)呢？同學(xué)們?cè)趯W(xué)習(xí)的同時(shí)也要注意自己的身體，合理安排時(shí)間，減少熬夜哦，祝大家訥訥感獲得好的成績(jī)~~如果同學(xué)們對(duì)于課程感興趣，

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