三步秒殺托福閱讀插入題

 托福閱讀插入題的題型和數(shù)量固定，是每篇文章倒數(shù)第2題。以42道題目3篇閱讀文章為例，分別在一套試題中的第13題，第27題和第41題。在考試中，輕松取得插入題無異于給高分少清障礙，特別是通過提取關(guān)鍵詞，使用有效的快速解題思路，不論是詞義復(fù)現(xiàn)，邏輯對(duì)應(yīng)，還是信號(hào)判定等方法，都能幫助我們易如反掌地拿下這類題型。

解題思路一：詞義復(fù)現(xiàn)

所謂詞義復(fù)現(xiàn)，是指題干中的關(guān)鍵詞能夠在插入段中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的詞。秒殺第一步，細(xì)讀題干長句，提煉主謂賓，提取2-3個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞（通常為2-3個(gè)名詞或名詞詞組）；秒殺第二步，記住關(guān)鍵詞并在插入段中，找到詞義復(fù)現(xiàn)的詞或詞組；秒殺第三步，判定詞義復(fù)現(xiàn)的第一次出處，考慮下一句是否有相同復(fù)現(xiàn)的詞或詞組，插入這兩句中間，為承上啟下的作用。下面以TPO11-3 Begging by Nestlings的插入題為例：

第一步：細(xì)讀

The cheeping provides important information to the parent, but it could also attract the attention of others.

提取關(guān)鍵詞和詞組：（1）cheeping（2）parent;（3）others

第二步： 掃讀

Many signals that animals make seem to impose on the signalers costs that are overly damaging. ■ A classic example is noisy begging by nestling songbirds when a parent returns to the nest with food. ■ These loud cheeps and peeps might give the location of the nest away to a listening hawk or raccoon, resulting in the death of the defenseless nestlings.■ In fact, when tapes of begging tree swallows were played at an artificial swallow nest containing an egg, the egg in that “noisy” nest was taken or destroyed by predators before the egg in a nearby quiet nest in 29 of 37 trials.■
解析：確定了第一處的（1）cheeping對(duì)照的begging, （2）parent原詞復(fù)現(xiàn) （3）others對(duì)應(yīng)替換的詞組hawk or racoon。

第三步：通讀

初步判斷插入第2個(gè)空，通過詞義復(fù)現(xiàn)的兩句中間，通讀一遍，題干句子功能為承上啟下，故確定為第2個(gè)空。

解題思路二：邏輯對(duì)應(yīng)

所謂邏輯對(duì)應(yīng)，是指提取插入句的邏輯詞，對(duì)應(yīng)插入段的整體邏輯，從general to specific原則，層層推進(jìn)。下面以TPO3-1 ARCHITECTURE　的插入題為例：

第一步：細(xì)讀

However, some modern architectural designs, such as those using folded plates of concreter or air-inflated structures, are again unifying skeleton and skin.
提取插入句的邏輯詞：however和圈定插入句關(guān)鍵詞：modern architectural designs,邏輯反推判定However的對(duì)應(yīng)目標(biāo)詞要取非，對(duì)應(yīng)modern.

第二步：掃讀

■Modern architectural forms generally have three separate components comparable to elements of the human body; a supporting skeleton or frame, an outer skin enclosing the interior spaces, equipment, similar to the body’s vital organs and systems. ■The equipment includes plumbing, electrical wiring, hot water, and air-conditioning. ■Of course in early architecture—such as igloos and adobe structures—there was no such equipment, and the skeleton and skin were often one. ■
解析：通過However邏輯取非,找到early architecture

第三步：通讀

通過句式對(duì)應(yīng)，將取非定位句與插入句進(jìn)行關(guān)鍵詞對(duì)照，進(jìn)一步核實(shí)：

原句：Of course in early architecture—such as igloos and adobe structures—there was no such equipment, and the skeleton and skin were often one.

插入句：However, some modern architectural designs, such as those using folded plates of concreter or air-inflated structures, are again unifying skeleton and skin.由此，可輕松判定第四空。

解題思路三：信號(hào)判定

信號(hào)詞一般為分為三類：（1）指示代詞this,these,those等，（2）舉例和解釋的如in fact, indeed, for example等，（3）總結(jié)性therefore, thus 等。下面以TPO8-1 THE RISE OF TEOTIHUACAN為例：

第一步：細(xì)讀

In fact, artifacts and pottery from Teotihuacán have been discovered in sites as far away as the Mayan lowlands, the Guatemalan highlands, northern Mexico, and the Gulf Coast of Mexico.
提取信號(hào)詞：In fact為解釋性的提示詞，因此略讀長句之后，觀察主要特征是地名。

第二步：掃讀

The city of Teotihuacán, which lay about 50 kilometers northeast of modern-Day Mexico City, began its growth by 200-100 B.C. At its height, between about A.D. 150 and 700, it probably had a population of more than 125,000 people and covered at least 20 square kilometers. ■It had over 2,000 apartment complexes, a great market, a large number of industrial workshops, an administrative center, a number of massive religious edifices, and a regular grid pattern of streets and buildings. ■Clearly, much planning and central control were involved in the expansion and ordering of this great metropolis. ■Moreover, the city had economic and perhaps religious contacts with most parts of Mesoamerica (modern Central America and Mexico).■

解析：找到概括詞Mesoamerica為中美洲的概念，聯(lián)系題干Mayan lowlands, the Guatemalan highlands, northern Mexico, and the Gulf Coast of Mexico.

第三步：通讀

通過基本概念，Mesoamerica可以概括in fact后的各處地名，故插入第四空。

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