雅思聽力觀點(diǎn)題的判斷技巧

觀點(diǎn)題，一直都是國內(nèi)英語聽力單項(xiàng)選擇題中的�？碱}型，但是在雅思聽力考試的所有參考書籍中，卻幾乎未被專門提及。其實(shí)，如若細(xì)看，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)觀點(diǎn)題在雅思聽力考試中也時(shí)有出現(xiàn)，如果我們沒有掌握這類題的解題技巧，也很容易失分。觀點(diǎn)題往往以選擇題的形式出現(xiàn)，那么就要求考生對(duì)英文中表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)的語言模式有高度的敏感。讓我們來看看，在不同的聽力場景中，英文表達(dá)支持、中立或反對(duì)的觀點(diǎn)會(huì)出現(xiàn)的兩種表達(dá)模式：

(一)直接表述觀點(diǎn)：

這種表述方式對(duì)于考生而言是比較容易辨認(rèn)的，因?yàn)殇浺糁械娜宋镎Z氣自始至終都保持同一論調(diào)，考生的第一直覺判斷和聽完全文后的內(nèi)容判斷應(yīng)該是一致的，所以解題也一般不容易錯(cuò)。我們舉例來看看這種表述方式。

Well, do you think people can tell you their real thoughts just through phone? Without person-to-person contact, it is unlikely for you to dig deep into theri minds and unlikely to get truth.

考生聽到第一句話時(shí)，從語言的反問語氣可以判斷發(fā)言者的觀點(diǎn)是不支持的，意思是——“你認(rèn)為人們會(huì)通過電話告訴你真實(shí)的想法嗎?”，那么第二句則是對(duì)第一句話的解釋說明——“沒有面對(duì)面的接觸，你不太可能發(fā)覺他們內(nèi)心的真實(shí)想法，不太可能知道真相”，所以觀點(diǎn)是反對(duì)的。

因?yàn)榇蟛糠智闆r下，英文采取首句為中心句的模式，段落其它部分是支持中心句的內(nèi)容，所以聽到首句就是主要意思，因此這種模式相對(duì)簡單，但是考生也要能聽出表示觀點(diǎn)的詞，比如贊成：support, be for..., go for..., be one the side of..., quite aree with..., 中立：mutual, just so so, you can try it, not the best, 反對(duì)：not good, be against..., not recommend..., better avoid..., 喜歡：be favor of, like, prefer, 一般態(tài)度：it's ok, but..., 不喜歡：dislike, 必須：must, it is necessary, 看情況：it depends, 沒必要：not necessary等等。

(二)間接表述觀點(diǎn)：

有的時(shí)候，發(fā)言者為了充分地表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)，或者為了使自己的觀點(diǎn)顯得不偏激，會(huì)采取委婉的方式表述觀點(diǎn)。比如：

Well, I don't think you should start with the case study too early unless you have made full preparation or you might find you can't meet the deadline. However, it really is the best approach you can try to get people's response though it is somewhat time-consuming. If you think you can spare your study time, just go for it.

由于第一句話出現(xiàn)don't think， 所以很多考生會(huì)潛意識(shí)將主題判定為否定的觀點(diǎn)。然而，轉(zhuǎn)折詞however出現(xiàn)以后，則要特別小心接下來表達(dá)的內(nèi)容，因?yàn)橐馑忌蠒?huì)有強(qiáng)烈的轉(zhuǎn)折，這里的it really is the best approach就是很大的一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折，說明發(fā)言的人是持支持的態(tài)度的。此外，最后一句話是總結(jié)性的觀點(diǎn)，一句just go for it非常清楚地再次表示其支持觀點(diǎn)。

因此，在聽觀點(diǎn)題時(shí)不要被第一印象影響，一定要聽后面的話是否有轉(zhuǎn)折詞，如果有，那么第一印象通常是不準(zhǔn)的，轉(zhuǎn)折詞以后的內(nèi)容才是判斷或填寫的依據(jù)。有些情況在最后還會(huì)有總結(jié)??以，當(dāng)聽到表轉(zhuǎn)折的詞，如however, but, nevertheless和表總結(jié)的詞，如so，那么真正的觀點(diǎn)應(yīng)該馬上就要出現(xiàn)了。

以下舉幾個(gè)直接和間接表述觀點(diǎn)的例子，以加深對(duì)此類題型的理解。

直接觀點(diǎn)表述：

Another hazard for your back are the shock waves which travel up your spine when you walk, known as heel strike. A real find for our patients has been the shock-absorbing shoe insert. A cheap but very effective solution.------支持

Finally, a word about the state-of-the-art relief-the TENS machine-a small battery-powered gadget which delivers subliminal electrical pulses to the skin. Our experience indicates that your money is better spent on the more old-fashioned remedies.------反對(duì)

It can be useful to get special orthopaedic chairs, but remember the most important improvement should be in OUR posture.------中立

Though absolutely flat shoes can be a solution for some, others find their posture suffers. ------中立

間接觀點(diǎn)表述：

Through observation study, you can just watch and take notes. And you can get some unforeseeable results from people's behavior, but it can only cover certain aspects. Therefore, you need other research method to assist it. But you can try if you want.------中立

Well, I think questionnaires are very good at telling you how people fill in questionnaires, but they tell you very little else. So better avoid it.------反對(duì)

Face-to-face interview can help you get people's facial expressions and body language, through which you can identify what they genuinely have in mind. But it depends sometimes. Not everyone is willing to open his or her mind to you.------中立