你不可不知的雅思寫作常見錯(cuò)誤

一、主謂不一致

這是雅思作文中最常見的一種錯(cuò)誤，主要表現(xiàn)在主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在人稱上的不一致。例如：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式；當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。請(qǐng)看以下例句：

1、She is one of those girls who is(are) afraid of difficulties.

【分析】從句中who=girls

2、Half of the furniture are(is) damaged.

【分析】half of +不可數(shù)名詞謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。

3、Half way to the city stands(stand) two buildings.

【分析】主語(yǔ)為two buildings。

4、The manager, accompanied with three engineers, are(is) visiting the factory.

【分析】主語(yǔ)為manager。

5、The poor is(are) suffering starvation.

【分析】The+形容詞表示一類事物時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。

解決方法： 寫完作文后，檢查每一句話（包括從句）中的主語(yǔ)是哪個(gè)詞，謂語(yǔ)是哪個(gè)詞，主、謂是否一致。

二、語(yǔ)態(tài)

即被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，這種情況常出現(xiàn)在該用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)候沒用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和使用的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)不正確。先看以下例句：

1、He will quest to show his passport.

【分析】will be quested

2、The sports meet is to put off to next Sunday.

【分析】to be put off

3、The meeting is to hold nest Monday.

【分析】to be held

4、The accident was happened when he was away.

【分析】應(yīng)去掉句中的was

解決方法： 寫作完成后，檢查每一動(dòng)詞（包括非謂動(dòng)詞）的主語(yǔ)是哪個(gè)詞，該動(dòng)作是主語(yǔ)發(fā)出的，還是承受的，以確定是否應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

三、非謂動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)邏輯主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)不一致

有時(shí)為了簡(jiǎn)化語(yǔ)言，常把狀語(yǔ)從句簡(jiǎn)化成短語(yǔ)形式。這時(shí)要求短語(yǔ)的邏輯主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)應(yīng)一致，否則即為錯(cuò)誤。如： Walking home from the theater, the street lights turned on. 上句中walking 的主語(yǔ)應(yīng)為人，而主語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)為the street lights，這就是主語(yǔ)不一致錯(cuò)誤。改正方法有兩種，一種是還原為狀語(yǔ)從句，另一種是統(tǒng)一主語(yǔ)： When we walked home from the theater, the street lights turned on. Walking home from the theater, we found that the street lights turned on.

試改正以下句子中的錯(cuò)誤：

1、To plan your holiday well, this book should be read.

2、By studying throughout the night, the exam was passed.

3、Returning from class, a letter from her uncle was found in the mailbox.

4、While washing the clothes, the phone rang.

5、After finishing their degrees, the company will employ them for two or three years.

解決方法：在寫作文時(shí)，若用到這種結(jié)構(gòu)，一定要核對(duì)主語(yǔ)是否一致。這種錯(cuò)誤就可以避免。

四、非完整句

非完整句是指缺少必要成分（多數(shù)情況是缺少動(dòng)詞）的句子。例如：

1、The first reason. There is an explosion in population

2、The rapid development of PC has benefited people. Playing an important role in modern society.

3、He thinks the book is terrible. Even though many students like it.

4、Although is 70 years old, he still goes to work in the office.

5、The novel is about a couple lived in a small town.

五、其它

其它方面的錯(cuò)誤有以下幾點(diǎn)：

1、時(shí)態(tài)不協(xié)調(diào)，如： He speaks English better than I did. He has finished the work tree hours ago

2、語(yǔ)氣錯(cuò)誤，如： If there is no water, there is no human being. Without electricity, our factories can't make any products. 這兩句應(yīng)改為虛擬語(yǔ)氣。

3、分句或從句缺少連接詞，如： He was looking for the dictionary in the home, (but)he couldn't find it. In this country, spring is windy, summer hot, (and) winter cold

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