【攻略】如何備考托�？谡Z(yǔ)綜合題？

托福口語(yǔ)Task 3答題順序：

先讀一段75-100的閱讀文章，限時(shí)45秒鐘; 內(nèi)容有關(guān)校園生活，可以是校方做的announcement，也可以是學(xué)生提出的proposal，閱讀的時(shí)候需要記下標(biāo)題及主題句；接著聽(tīng)一段1-2分鐘的聽(tīng)力，聽(tīng)力中有兩位學(xué)生對(duì)閱讀內(nèi)容的觀點(diǎn)，贊同或反對(duì)，并給出相關(guān)理由，聽(tīng)的時(shí)候要記下觀點(diǎn)和理由；最后要求考生根據(jù)閱讀和聽(tīng)力的內(nèi)容復(fù)述，有30秒鐘準(zhǔn)備，60秒鐘說(shuō)。復(fù)述的內(nèi)容如下：

1.第一句話(huà)把閱讀的題目和中心句念一遍。
　　2.The man/woman agrees/disagrees with the announcement/proposal/it.
　　3.The first reason is…把聽(tīng)力中的第一個(gè)理由總結(jié)一下。
　　4.The second reason is~~標(biāo)準(zhǔn)同上。

真題回顧：

Required Work Experience

The business studies department at State University will now require all students enrolled in its program to complete one semester of work experience in a local corporation or small business. It is felt that students will benefit from this work experience by developing leadership and organizational skills that would not normally be learned in a classroom or campus setting. Furthermore, the relationship that students establish with the company that they work for may help them to secure permanent employment with that company once they have completed the program and graduated.
　　
　　非常明顯，這是一個(gè)Announcement,第一句話(huà)及中心句，學(xué)校決定要求所有學(xué)生參加一個(gè)實(shí)習(xí)。

聽(tīng)力部分：

一個(gè)女人說(shuō)“I disagree”，第一個(gè)原因是，這種實(shí)習(xí)根本就不能develop leadership and organizational skills，舉了個(gè)例子說(shuō)她哥哥參加個(gè)實(shí)習(xí)，就是干雜活的，沒(méi)有實(shí)際用處。第二個(gè)原因是，由于這個(gè)地區(qū)很多大學(xué)也要求學(xué)生參加這種實(shí)習(xí)，所以就算參加了，也沒(méi)有辦法保證畢業(yè)之后所有人都拿到長(zhǎng)期工作。

Sample answer：

The university will require all the students to enroll in a business internship to gain working experience. The women disagrees. The first reason is, the companies will not assign general affairs to students. Therefore, they cannot learn anything about practical experience like leadership or organization skills. Another reason is, so many other university business students have already participated in the similar project. So competition between them will be very fierce because companies may not provide enough positions to all of them. (45s)

托�？谡Z(yǔ)Task 5的答題順序：

1. 對(duì)話(huà)中的一個(gè)人有一個(gè)problem或trouble（主要是時(shí)間、安排上的沖突）
　　2. 另一個(gè)人會(huì)對(duì)問(wèn)題或矛盾提出2個(gè)解決方案。以及相關(guān)的原因及利弊。
　　3.你覺(jué)得哪種方案好，為什么？

考生有20s的時(shí)間準(zhǔn)備，需要講1 min。復(fù)述的內(nèi)容如下：In this conversation, the man/woman has a problem that ____________________. There are two possible solutions. One is ____________________. The other is ____________________. And if it were my choice, I would choose the former/latter one, because____________________.

這里需要注意的地方是，聽(tīng)力的時(shí)候要留心記下problem, solutions以及利弊；講的過(guò)程中注意時(shí)間的分配，比較理想的是problem和solution的部分花30s-40s的時(shí)間講完，自己的選擇用20-30s的時(shí)間講完。如果聽(tīng)力中關(guān)于利弊的信息不完整，是可以加入自己的觀點(diǎn)的。

真題回顧：

聽(tīng)力材料是一個(gè)女生在做志愿者工作，周末要帶一群孩子去動(dòng)物園玩，但是她沒(méi)有合適的交通工具送孩子們?nèi)�。然后一個(gè)男生給出兩個(gè)建議，第一個(gè)是向朋友借車(chē)，但是需要借兩輛車(chē)，而且要另外再找一個(gè)人幫忙開(kāi)車(chē)；另一個(gè)建議是使用公共交通工具，正好有輛公交車(chē)直接到動(dòng)物園，但是女生覺(jué)得會(huì)很難在車(chē)上管理學(xué)生。

Sample answer:

In this conversation, the man/woman has a problem that she is going to take the kids to the zoo tomorrow, but she doesn’t have a van. There are two possible solutions, the first is to borrow cars from her friends, the other is to take the public transportation like bus. And if it were my choice, I would choose the latter one, because the first one is too troublesome, she needs to borrow two cars and to find another driver. Although it’s a challenge to supervise the kids in the bus, she can ask other passengers for help; besides, a direct bus line to the zoo can save her a lot of trouble.
　　
　　Task 4和Task 6都屬于學(xué)術(shù)題，無(wú)論是閱讀還是聽(tīng)力材料中都涉及很多學(xué)科類(lèi)詞匯，如藝術(shù)、文學(xué)、生物、地理、天文學(xué)、經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、心理學(xué)等，難度較大，要求學(xué)生要有一定量的學(xué)術(shù)詞匯的積累。

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托�？谡Z(yǔ)Task 4的答題順序：

閱讀一篇100-150字左右的學(xué)術(shù)文章，主要是對(duì)一個(gè)學(xué)術(shù)概念的解釋。標(biāo)題就是學(xué)術(shù)概念，然后再到文章中把對(duì)這個(gè)概念的定義找出來(lái)。閱讀時(shí)間為45s。
聽(tīng)一段lecture，一個(gè)教授會(huì)用具體的例子把閱讀中的學(xué)術(shù)概念解釋一遍，有時(shí)候是一個(gè)例子，有時(shí)候是兩個(gè)。聽(tīng)的過(guò)程中需要把具體的例子記下來(lái)。
準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間為30s，說(shuō)1min。

真題回顧：

Dormancy
　　In biology, dormancy occurs when organisms, both plant and animals, are subjected to environmental stress. It is a period in an organism’s life cycle when growth, development, and physical activity are temporarily stopped. For example, some animals become dormant in order to escape cold weather and food shortages during the winter. Also, minimizing physical activity helps organisms to conserve energy and lessen their demands on the environment.

這段材料中對(duì)dormancy的定義出現(xiàn)在第二句：It is a period in an organism’s life cycle when growth, development, and physical activity are temporarily stopped.中心句一般在前面三句出現(xiàn)，需要仔細(xì)閱讀，可以通過(guò)一些關(guān)鍵詞去定位，比如：it is, it refers to, it is defined as等等。

聽(tīng)力部分：教授舉了lungfish的例子，說(shuō)他們?cè)赿ry season把自己bury在mud里面，濕潤(rùn)又遠(yuǎn)離熱氣。同時(shí)還說(shuō)dormancy的時(shí)候這些魚(yú)stay inactive, slow its breath, heart beats and the energy use.所以可以幾個(gè)月不吃東西也能survive，直到雨季來(lái)臨。

這部分的回答模板為：The reading passage is about ....(標(biāo)題)  It refers to ....(定義)  In the lecture, the professor uses examples and details to explain it further.Firstly ......secondly....
　　
　　托�？谡Z(yǔ)Task 6的答題順序：

Task6與Task4的最大區(qū)別就是沒(méi)有閱讀部分，也是教授講解一個(gè)學(xué)術(shù)概念并舉例，因此對(duì)聽(tīng)力的要求更大，如果不會(huì)相關(guān)的專(zhuān)業(yè)名詞很可能不知道教授在講什么。這也是很多學(xué)生十分最多的部分。聽(tīng)的過(guò)程中要記得考點(diǎn)分布所在。首先要注意聽(tīng)一個(gè)術(shù)語(yǔ)，然后對(duì)術(shù)語(yǔ)的解釋?zhuān)�再把具體的例子記下來(lái)。這部分的準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間是20s,說(shuō)1min.

真題回顧：

聽(tīng)力部分，老師先說(shuō)有兩種motivation。第一種叫做extrinsic motivation。后面對(duì)extrinsic motivation下了定義，即為由外部獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)刺激的行為，比如錢(qián)等等。還有一種叫做intrinsic motivation，即為由內(nèi)心中的興趣，自發(fā)的動(dòng)力激勵(lì)的行為。后面講到extrinsic motivation，比如說(shuō)一個(gè)小孩可以為了錢(qián)的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)去做家務(wù)。他并不是發(fā)自?xún)?nèi)心喜歡做家務(wù)，而是為了得到錢(qián)。如果不再給錢(qián)了，小孩就不會(huì)繼續(xù)做家務(wù)了。而intrinsic motivation，比如說(shuō)我經(jīng)常去健身，并不是為了參加馬拉松之類(lèi)的比賽，而是我自己很喜歡鍛煉，健康的感覺(jué)真好.
　　
　　Sample answer:
　　The professor introduced two types of motivation. The first one is extrinsic type. That type of motivation is stimulated by external factors. For example, a child will do some housework for a reward. However, if the parents stop giving her money, the child will not do the housework continually. In this case, the reward of money is the external motivation. At such times, people cannot persist to do something by chance that the external factors disappeared. The second one is intrinsic type. The motivation stems from our happiness or achievement. The professor offer herself as an example. She will do the exercise in the gym in order to keep her health. That kind of motivation can last for a long time.

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