托福寫作素材利用教師講解

托福寫作素材一：Harnessing the power of your brain

解釋：Harness 原始含意為馬具，作動詞意為治理、利用。

They say that you can’t teach an old dog new tricks, but when it comes to the brain, scientists have discovered that this old adage simply isn’t true. The human brain has an astonishing ability to adapt and change—even into old age. This ability is known as neuroplasticity. With the right stimulation, your brain can form new neural pathways, alter existing connections, and adapt and react in ever-changing ways.

解釋：Astonishing ability to adapt 驚人的適應能力。

Neutral pathways 神經通路

托福名師講解：這段文字說到變化，出現(xiàn)了change/alter/adapt的字樣，句型也很多變。最后一句是并列句，總體很有節(jié)奏感。

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The brain’s incredible ability to reshape itself holds true when it comes to learning and memory. You can harness the natural power of neuroplasticity to increase your cognitive abilities, enhance your ability to learn new information, and improve your memory.

解釋：Cognitive ability 認知能力，是托福等的重要考點詞匯。

Improving memory tip 1: Don't skimp on exercise or sleep

Just as an athlete relies on sleep and a nutrition-packed diet to perform his or her best, your ability to remember increases when you nurture your brain with a good diet and other healthy habits.

解釋：Skimp 克扣，少給，舍不得給

Nurture with 供給，滋養(yǎng)

When you exercise the body, you exercise the brain

Treating your body well can enhance your ability to process and recall information. Physical exercise increases oxygen to your brain and reduces the risk for disorders that lead to memory loss, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Exercise may also enhance the effects of helpful brain chemicals and protect brain cells.

托福名師講解：健康是重要的寫作大類，這里的physical exercise, risk for disorders, diabetes (糖尿病)，cardiovascular （心腦血管疾病）可用于一系列作文口語是拿分詞匯。

Improve your memory by sleeping on it

When you’re sleep deprived, your brain can’t operate at full capacity. Creativity, problem-solving abilities, and critical thinking skills are compromised. Whether you’re studying, working, or trying to juggle life’s many demands, sleep deprivation is a recipe for disaster.

解釋：Sleep deprived：睡眠剝奪的

At full capacity 全力思考

Compromise 損害 同義于undermine, endanger, sabotage, jeopardize

A recipe for 原始含意為菜譜，配方，這里指”注定會…”

But sleep is critical to learning and memory in an even more fundamental way. Research shows that sleep is necessary for memory consolidation, with the key memory-enhancing activity occurring during the deepest stages of sleep.

解釋：Memory consolidation: 記憶的整合

托福名師講解：With …. Occurring 是一個獨立主格，這樣一來文字顯得簡潔概括。

Improving memory tip 2: Make time for friends and fun

When you think of ways to improve memory, do you think of “serious” activities such as wrestling with the New York Times crossword puzzle or mastering chess strategy, or do more lighthearted pastimes—hanging out with friends or enjoying a funny movie—come to mind? If you’re like most of us, it’s probably the former. But countless studies show that a life that’s full of friends and fun comes with cognitive benefits.

解釋：Wrestle with crossword puzzle：奮戰(zhàn)填字游戲。多形象的用詞啊。

Master strategy, lighthearted pastimes 掌握策略，輕松的休閑

Cognitive benefits 認知方面的好處

Healthy relationships: the ultimate memory booster?

Humans are highly social animals. We’re not meant to survive, let alone thrive, in isolation. Relationships stimulate our brains—in fact, interacting with others may be the best kind of brain exercise.

Let alone，更不用提。。。。。。

托福名師講解：Social animal 與interacting with others 交替出現(xiàn)，彰顯了表達之豐富

Research shows that having meaningful relationships and a strong support system are vital not only to emotional health, but also to brain health. In one recent study from the Harvard School of Public Health, for example, researchers found that people with the most active social lives had the slowest rate of memory decline.

托福名師講解：這段的信號詞特別明確，not only, but also; for example更容易讓人解讀內在的邏輯層次，是咱們口語與寫作時形合的典范。

There are many ways to start taking advantage of the brain and memory-boosting benefits of socializing. Volunteer, join a club, make it a point to see friends more often, or reach out over the phone. And if a human isn’t handy, don’t overlook the value of a pet—especially the highly-social dog.

解釋：Memory-boosting 增強記憶

Reach out 幫某人

Handy 容易找到，便利的

托福名師講解：以上這簄文章，你不妨就幾個關鍵的詞，試著改寫下，換詞，但保有原來的句子結構，感覺一下那種“現(xiàn)學現(xiàn)賣”成就感吧！

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