托福聽力：天文學(xué)段落之對(duì)比邏輯關(guān)系分析

托福聽力天文學(xué)段落之對(duì)比邏輯關(guān)系分析

托福聽力天文學(xué)專題TPO1-25主要有10-篇

TPO2 LECTURE3   Bode’s law

TOP3 LECUTRE4     spectroscopy

TPO5 LECTURE2     moon landing

TPO13-LECTURE4    meteoroids

TPO14 LECTURE3    stars used as navigational aids

 TPO18 LECTURE1   sunspots

TPO19-LECTURE2  radio astronomy & optical astronomy

TPO21 LECTURE1  Geocentric &Heliocentric

TPO22 LECTURE2   faint young sun paradox

TPO24 LECUTRE4   shield volcanoes on Venus

詞匯比較難記，我們需要通過一定的詞以類記來梳理。比如八大行星的名字及特點(diǎn)可以歸類了解

Earth(Gaea)

Venus(Aphrodite)

Jupiter(Zeus)

Mercury(Hermes)

Mar(Ares)

Saturn(Cronus)

Uranus

Neptune(Poseidon)

Pluto(不算）(Hades)

太陽系，銀河系，各星球的運(yùn)動(dòng)（自傳公轉(zhuǎn)），以及流星等常見詞匯的記憶。還需要了解幾大理論，比如BIG BANG THEORY, BODE\S LAW，地心說日心說等。天文學(xué)里比較容易出現(xiàn)的邏輯關(guān)系是關(guān)于特征特點(diǎn)的對(duì)比，以及各大理論的演變接受過程。下面舉例一篇文章來分析。

What comparison does the professor make to help describe the composition of asteroids and comets?

He compares them to stars.

He compares them to types of planets.

He compares them to rocks on Earth.

He compares them to meteors and meteorites

原文是這樣描述的：

OK, comets and asteroids. It might help if you think of...remember we talked about the two classes of planets in our solar system? And how they differ in composition? The terrestrial planets--like Mars and Earth--composed largely of rocks and metals, and the large gas giants, like Jupiter. Well, the solar system also has two analogous classes of objects, smaller than planets--namely, asteroids and comets. Relatively near the sun and inner solar system, between Jupiter and Mars to be precise, we’ve got the asteroid belt, which contains about 90 percents of all asteroids orbiting the sun. These asteroids are…uh…like the terrestrial planets, and they're composed mostly of rocky materials and metals. Far from the sun, in the outer solar system, beyond Jupiter's orbit, temperatures are low enough to permit ices to form out of water and…and out of gases like methane and carbon dioxide. Loose collections of these ices and small rocky particles form into comets. So comets are similar in composition to the gas giants. Both comets and asteroids are...typically are smaller than planets.

通篇都在對(duì)比，我們需要了解托福聽力里常見的對(duì)比信號(hào)詞：

最高級(jí)、同向比較

alike/likewise/ in the same way/similar  to/resemble / has two analogous classes of objects,

反向比較

unlike/instead of/in contrast to/ differently / on the other hand/compare to/ (not) as ….as

And how they differ in composition?

這段文章內(nèi)容生詞比較多，可以通過這篇文章了解天文學(xué)文章結(jié)構(gòu)之對(duì)比結(jié)構(gòu)。
 

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