托福閱讀細節(jié)題之4選2題型

首先，以TPO33-1 The First Civilization 中的第四題為例：

According to paragraph 2, what are TWO reasons why farmers chose river valleys for cultivation? To receive credit you must select TWO answers choices.

仔細讀題后，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)該題問的是農(nóng)民選擇河谷作為耕種地的原因，所以需要關(guān)注表示因果關(guān)系的詞。并且該題需要答題者提供2個原因，所以各位同學在定位信息后要關(guān)注表達并列和遞進關(guān)系的詞， 例如 also, in addition, as well as, besides等。解題時我們挑選farmers以及river valleys 組合定位，提高定位的準確性。

根據(jù)以上定位詞，我們在第二段中定位到：“The real breakthrough took place when farmers began  to cultivate crops along the floodplains of river systems.” 該句定位信息陳述了這個重大的突破發(fā)生在農(nóng)民開始在沿河的沖擊平原種植糧食，但并未提供題目所需的原因解釋。

因此，繼續(xù)往下讀信息“The advantage was that crops grown in such areas were not as dependent on rainfall and therefore produced a more reliable harvest. ”這個句子中的“in such areas”指的就是上文中提到的“floodplains of river systems”, 前后句呼應(yīng)，證明繼續(xù)往下讀信息是正確的決定。

同時這句話中出現(xiàn)了表示因果關(guān)系的“therefore”,因此我們需要的原因1就呼之欲出了，即“The advantage was that crops grown in such areas were not as dependent on rainfall ”，也就是在該地區(qū)種植糧食的優(yōu)勢是不需要依賴雨水。

接著我們繼續(xù)往下尋找原因2，接著原因1的句子往后讀“An additional benefit was that the sediment carried by the river waters deposited nutrients in the soil, thus enabling the farmer to cultivate a single plot of ground for many years without moving to a new location.”

快速瀏覽該句，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)該句句首就已給出表示遞進關(guān)系的信號詞“additional”，并且也有表示因果關(guān)系的信號詞“thus”，因此我們需要的原因2就是“the sediment carried by the river waters deposited nutrients in the soil”， 也就是由河水沖刷帶來的沉積物將營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)沉積在土壤里。此時我們再來瀏覽4個選項：

A. The soils in river valleys were rich in nutrients
　　B. The crops grown in river valleys were not completely dependent on rainwater
　　C. Farming techniques could not be easily applied to soils far from rivers
　　D. The heavier weight of river soil resulted in more reliable harvests.

對比我們之前讀取出的亮點原因，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)答案就是A 、B選項。

推薦閱讀：