雅思寫作方法談：如何擴(kuò)展主體段

今天，我們來(lái)講講雅思寫作。上周，講師團(tuán)的雅思名師 Helen 為大家講解了大作文開頭段的寫作方法。Helen's 2-step method 大家還記得多少呢?今天，一起聽 Helen 老師講解大作文主體段的展開方法--How to write a main paragraph.

主體段展開一直是學(xué)生非常頭疼的部分，總感覺沒內(nèi)容可寫，湊不夠字?jǐn)?shù)。今天我們一起來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)如何對(duì)中心句進(jìn)行擴(kuò)展和支持。

我們先對(duì)大作文的文章結(jié)構(gòu)做一個(gè)量化：

-4-paragraph essay 文章結(jié)構(gòu)一般為四段式。

-2 main body paragraphs 其中包含兩個(gè)主體段

-5 sentences in each 每個(gè)主體段由5句話組成

-90 to 100 words each 每個(gè)主體段字?jǐn)?shù)在90-100個(gè)單詞。

量化后，大家對(duì)大作文應(yīng)該有了更加清晰直觀的概念吧。

今天我們主要講一下如何對(duì)主體段 (Main parts of your essay) 進(jìn)行展開。

首先，要有好的想法 (good ideas)，好的詞匯 (good vocabulary) 以及構(gòu)思 (planning)

兩種主體段展開方法：

1. Firstly / Secondly / Finally (Advantages / disadvantages / problems/solutions)

這種方法在展開過(guò)程中給出不止一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，可以是兩個(gè)或者三個(gè)。

2. Idea / Explain / example

One idea / a reason / an opinion

這種方法是針對(duì)一個(gè)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行具體解釋及給出相關(guān)例子。

以第一種主體段展開方法為例：每個(gè)主體段我們要嘗試寫五句話 (Try to Write 5 sentences)

1. Topic Sentence

2. Firstly

3. Secondly

4. Finally

5. explain more, or add example

以常考的教育類題目為例：

Topic: Some people believe that unpaid community service should be a compulsory part of high school programs. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

假定我們的觀點(diǎn)是不同意 disagree

3-minute plan: 具體想一下為什么社區(qū)服務(wù)不應(yīng)該是必修課的一部分：

首先，既然是 high school programs 可以知道高中生一般課業(yè)比較繁忙

-school timetable is full / no time for community service

-students' work in other subjects would be affected

不僅如此，并不是每個(gè)學(xué)生都想?yún)⒓由鐓^(qū)服務(wù) community service. 有些學(xué)生不喜歡參加，我們不能強(qiáng)迫每個(gè)孩子都接受社區(qū)服務(wù)。

-teenagers might not want to do it (reluctant/no motivation)

共三個(gè)不同意的觀點(diǎn)。因此主體段第一句話可以總結(jié)概括說(shuō)“disagree for several reasons”

There are several reasons why I would argue against having compulsory community service for secondary school students. Firstly, the school curriculum is already full with important academic subjects, such as math, science and languages. For example, I remember having an extremely busy timetable when I was at high school, and it would not have been possible to add to it. Secondly, students' performance in other subjects would be affected if valuable study time were taken by charity work or neighborhood improvement schemes. *(students’work 作為例子進(jìn)行展示 ) Finally, I believe that the teenage students would be reluctant to take part in any programme of obligatory work, and this could lead to poor motivation and even bad behavior.

注意：

1. Linking words do not help your “vocabulary” score 銜接詞是文中標(biāo)藍(lán)的詞匯;

2. Examiners want to see “topic vocabulary” 也就是與話題有關(guān)的詞匯，文中標(biāo)紅的部分。

通過(guò)五句話，我們非常清晰地對(duì)自己的觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了細(xì)節(jié)化延伸。

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